冷战后美国“航行自由行动”立法提案及其影响  

U.S.Legislative Proposal on“Freedom of Navigation Action”and Its Implications after the Cold War

作　　者：郭永虎[1] 万昭迎 GUO Yonghu;WAN Zhaoying(College of Marxism,Jilin University,Changchun 130012,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学马克思主义学院,长春130012

出　　处：《海南热带海洋学院学报》2022年第6期21-28,共8页Journal of Hainan Tropical Ocean University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(19ZDA169)。

摘　　要：冷战结束以来,美国国会不断通过立法活动介入手段推动美国政府和军方在全球开展所谓“航行自由行动”。美国国会的核心诉求主要包括:支持美国政府和军方在全球策动“航行自由行动”;联合美国盟友共推“航行自由行动”;在北极航道、南海、东海和台湾海峡等重要敏感区域进行“航行自由行动”。美国试图以其国内法律构建“航行自由行动”的美式规则,不仅破坏了以《联合国海洋法公约》为核心规范的海洋秩序,同时侵犯和损害了别国领土主权、国家安全和海洋权益,产生了十分恶劣的影响。Since the end of the Cold War,the U.S.Congress has continuously promoted the U.S.government and military to carry out the so-called“freedom of navigation action”through legislative intervention in the whole world.The core appeals of the U.S.Congress mainly include:supporting the U.S.government and military to implement“freedom of navigation action”around the world;uniting U.S.allies to promote“freedom of navigation action”;implementing“freedom of navigation action”in the important sensitive regions such as the Arctic route,the South China Sea,the East China Sea and the Taiwan Strait.The United States is trying to build the so-called American-style rules of“freedom of navigation action”based on domestic laws,which not only undermines the maritime order with the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea as the core norm,but also violates and damages other countries’territorial sovereignty,national security and maritime rights and interests,and has a very bad impact.

关 键 词：美国国会 “航行自由行动” 海洋战略 南海 

分 类 号：D922.68[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学]