高速冲击表面处理对金属材料表面完整性的影响  

Effects of High Speed Impact Surface Treatment on Surface Integrity of Metallic Materials

作　　者：高玉魁 王瑞[3] 陶雪菲 GAO Yukui;WANG Rui;TAO Xuefei(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 201804,China;Shanghai Key Laboratory of R&D for Metallic Function Materials,Shanghai 201804,China;School of Aerospace Engineering and Applied Mechanics,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学材料科学与工程学院,上海201804 [2]上海市金属功能材料开发应用重点实验室,上海201804 [3]同济大学航空航天与力学学院,上海200092

出　　处：《航空制造技术》2022年第21期14-27,共14页Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology

摘　　要：喷丸、激光冲击和表面机械研磨等高速冲击表面处理技术可有效提高金属材料的抗疲劳性能、耐应力腐蚀性能和耐磨损性能等,已广泛应用于国内外航空航天、汽车、船舶以及核工业等领域。本文对喷丸、激光冲击和表面机械研磨的基本原理和工艺特点进行介绍,综述了相关高速冲击表面改性技术对铝锂合金、高温合金、钛合金和高强度钢等先进材料表面粗糙度、表层残余应力、显微硬度以及表层微观组织等表面完整性参数的影响规律,最后对高速冲击表面处理技术在国内的研究与发展进行了展望。High speed impact surface treatment such as shot peening(SP),laser shock peening(LSP)and surface mechanical attrition treatment(SMAT)can effectively improve the fatigue property,stress corrosion cracking performance and wear resistance of metallic materials.These surface modification techniques have been widely employed in aviation,aerospace,automobile,ship and nuclear industries.The basic principles and characteristics of SP,LSP and SMAT are introduced in this paper.The effects of SP,LSP and SMAT on surface integrity parameters of aluminum-lithium alloys,superalloys,titanium alloys and steels such as surface roughness,residual stresses in the surface layers,microhardness and microstructures in the surface layers are summarized.Finally,the research and development of high speed impact surface treatment in China are prospected.

关 键 词：高速冲击表面处理 金属材料 表面完整性 表面粗糙度 残余应力 显微硬度 微观组织 

分 类 号：TG14[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]