东昆仑中东段驼路沟钴(金)矿床钠铁矾的识别及其指示意义  

Recognition of natrojarosite in Tuolugou Co(Au)deposit in middle-east section of East Kunlun Metallogenic Belt and its significance

作　　者：牛斯达 吴华英 牛向龙 王英超 白生龙 陈家浩 张敏 莫凌超 NIU SiDa;WU HuaYing;NIU XiangLong;WANG YingChao;BAI ShengLong;CHEN JiaHao;ZHANG Min;MO LingChao(Institute of Mineral Resources Research,China Metallurgical Geology Bureau,Beijing 101300,China;Mineral Comprehensive Utilization Research and Development Center,China Metallurgical Geology Bureau,Beijing 101300,China;The Third Geological Exploration Institute of Qinghai Province,Xining 810029,Qinghai,China)

机构地区：[1]中国冶金地质总局矿产资源研究院,北京101300 [2]中国冶金地质矿物综合利用研发中心,北京101300 [3]青海省第三地质勘查院,青海西宁810029

出　　处：《矿床地质》2022年第6期1232-1244,共13页Mineral Deposits

基　　金：第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究(编号:2019QZKK0801);广东省科技计划项目(编号:2020B1212060055)联合资助

摘　　要：黄钾铁矾族矿物是干旱地区硫化物矿床氧化带中常见的表生矿物,是重要的示矿标志,其详细研究可以为解剖与之相关矿床的次生富集过程提供重要依据。东昆仑中东段驼路沟钴(金)矿床主要出露一套纳赤台群哈拉巴依组变火山-沉积岩,其中的石英钠长石岩是重要的含矿主岩,前人认为其为一套热水喷流沉积岩,并由此提出驼路沟为喷流沉积型钴(金)矿床。文章重点选择矿区内玉女沟矿段的黄褐色-赤红色土状-块状破碎氧化带为研究对象,通过野外地质调查、显微观察、扫描电镜、全成分分析、电子探针和X射线衍射技术,揭示氧化带中主要矿物有钠铁矾、白云母、钠长石、石英、石膏和赤铁矿,其中以钠铁矾发育为显著特征。矿区发育的黄铁矿和石英钠长岩在氧化淋滤过程中析出的S、Fe、Na为钠铁矾的形成提供了物质来源,钠铁矾可作为指示高原干旱地区热水喷流沉积型矿床氧化带的标型矿物。The jarosite group minerals are common supergene minerals in the oxidation zone of sulfide deposits in arid areas and important indicators of mineralization.The detailed study of these minerals can provide clues for dissecting the secondary enrichment process of related deposits.The quartz-albitite developed in the Tuolugou cobalt(gold)deposit in the middle-east section of the East Kunlun Metallogenic Belt is important ore-bearing host rock.Previous researchers hold the view that the quartz-albitite in Tuolugou was sedimentary exhalative genesis,and thus proposed Tuolugou as a SEDEX deposit.This article focuses on the yellowish-ochre-reddish earthylumpy oxidation zone in the Yunugou section of the Tuolugou deposit.Through field geological surveys,microscopic observations,scanning electron microscopy,bulk composition analysis,electron probe microanalysis and X-ray diffraction,it is revealed that the main minerals in the oxidation zone are natrojarosite,muscovite,albite,quartz,gypsum and hematite.Among them,the natrojarosite is remarkable.The S,Fe,and Na released and precipitated from the oxidation&leaching process of the pyrite and quartz-albitite developed in the study area provide a material source for the formation of natrojarosite,which can be regarded as typomorphic mineral and an indicator of oxidation zone of SEDEX deposits in arid areas of the plateau.

关 键 词：地球化学 氧化带 钠铁矾 标型矿物 驼路沟钴(金)矿 东昆仑 

分 类 号：P618.51[天文地球—矿床学] P618.62[天文地球—地质学]