二氧化硅气凝胶及其复合材料吸声性能的研究进展  

Research Process on Sound Absorption Performance of Silica Aerogel and Composite Materials

作　　者：张鹏 杨自春[1] 张震 李昆锋[1] 杨飞跃 李肖华 邵慧龙 费志方 谢旭阳 甘智聪 Zhang Peng;Yang Zichun;Zhang Zhen;Li Kunfeng;Yang Feiyue;Li Xiaohua;Shao Huilong;Fei Zhifang;Xie Xuyang;Gan Zhicong(College of Power Engineering,Naval University of Engineering,Wuhan 430032,China)

机构地区：[1]海军工程大学动力工程学院,湖北武汉430032

出　　处：《稀有金属材料与工程》2022年第11期4306-4322,共17页Rare Metal Materials and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51802347);国家部委基金资助项目(9140A27030514JB11449)。

摘　　要：制备出良好的具有高孔隙率的吸声材料对于噪声的控制至关重要。二氧化硅气凝胶凭借其高孔隙率和高声阻抗近年来越来越受关注,将其与传统吸声材料相复合可显著结合两者的吸声优势,对于噪声的消除具有很重要的意义。介绍了吸声性能的概念、吸声结构、机理以及测量表征方法,深入探究了密度、厚度、孔隙率、孔径、杨氏模量以及颗粒大小对气凝胶吸声性能的影响规律,详细综述了二氧化硅气凝胶与有机物、有机物/无机矿物以及非织造布复合材料吸声性能的研究进展,最后展望了目前面临的挑战和未来的发展方向。The preparation of sound-absorbing materials with high porosity is very important for noise control.Silica aerogel has attracted increasing attention in recent years with its high porosity and high acoustic impedance.Combining silica aerogel with traditional sound absorbing materials can significantly combine their sound absorption advantages,and it is quite significant for noise elimin ation.The concept of sound absorption properties,sound absorption structure,mechanism,methods for measurement and characterization were introduced,and then the effects of density,thickness,porosity,pore diameter,Young's modulus and particle size on the sou nd absorption properties of aerogels were deeply investigated.In addition,the research progress of sound absorption properties of silica aerogels and organic compounds,organic/inorganic minerals and non-woven fabric composites were reviewed in detail.Finally,the challenges faced at present and the development direction in the future were prospected.

关 键 词：二氧化硅气凝胶 复合材料 吸声影响因素 有机聚合物 

分 类 号：TB303[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TB332TB34