绿鳍马面鲀与许氏平鲉杀鲑气单胞菌病原的分离和鉴定  

Isolation and Identification of Aeromonas salmonicida from Thamnaconus septentrionalis and Sebastes schlegeli

作　　者：晋怀远 刘耀宽 高晔 夏苏东 陈四清[2] 莫照兰[2,3] 边力 李杰[2] JIN Huaiyuan;LIU Yaokuan;GAO Ye;XIA Sudong;CHEN Siqing;MO Zhaolan;BIAN Li;LI Jie(College of Fisheries,Tianjin Agricultural University,Tianjin 300384,China;Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes,Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao),Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Qingdao,Shandong 266071,China;College of Marine Life Sciences,Ocean University of China,Qingdao,Shandong 266003,China)

机构地区：[1]天津农学院水产学院,天津300384 [2]青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室海洋渔业科学与食物产出过程功能实验室,农业农村部海水养殖病害防治重点实验室,中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,山东青岛266071 [3]中国海洋大学海洋生命学院,山东青岛266003

出　　处：《渔业科学进展》2023年第1期191-200,共10页Progress in Fishery Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2019YFD0900103);国家自然科学基金–山东省人民政府联合基金(U1706205);中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费(2020XT0406)共同资助。

摘　　要：2018年和2019年,山东省烟台市蓬莱市一养殖场工厂化养殖的绿鳍马面鲀(Thamnaconus septentrionalis)和许氏平鲉(Sebastes schlegeli)发病死亡,主要症状为嘴部溃疡、红肿和出血。从发病鱼内脏中均可分离到大量形态一致的优势菌,分别命名为2018TS-1和2019SS-1,分离菌株经16S rRNA测序、生理生化鉴定和vap A基因分析确定为杀鲑气单胞菌杀日本鲑亚种(Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. masoucida)。人工感染结果显示,2018TS-1和2019SS-1分别能引起绿鳍马面鲀和许氏平鲉的死亡,被感染鱼呈嘴部红肿症状,与自然发病症状一致,其半数致死量分别为1.78×10^(5)和0.89×10^(5) CFU/尾。本研究首次报道了国内工厂化养殖绿鳍马面鲀和许氏平鲉感染杀鲑气单胞菌的病例,是目前人工养殖绿鳍马面鲀的首个疾病报道,也是继大西洋鲑(Salmo salar)、大菱鲆(Scophthalmus maximus)和裸盖鱼(Anoplopoma fimbria)等品种后,在山东省海水养殖鱼类中再次发现杀鲑气单胞菌杀日本鲑亚种的感染。本研究结果丰富了杀鲑气单胞菌杀日本鲑亚种的感染宿主范围,也为绿鳍马面鲀和许氏平鲉养殖的病害防控提供依据。The greenfin horse-faced filefish(Thamnaconus septentrionalis) and rockfish(Sebastes schlegeli) occupy important positions in the offshore net fishery in Shandong Province.Interest in their mariculture has been developing rapidly in recent years as candidates for submerged cage open-sea aquaculture. With the development of breeding techniques and the expansion of largescale farming, fish disease may become a serious constraint that limits sustainable aquaculture and leads to great economic losses. Epidemiological investigation is the basis of disease control and should be carried out throughout the culture process. In this study, we describe the diseases of T. septentrionalis and S. schlegeli caused by Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. masoucida. In November 2018, an outbreak of T. septentrionalis disease was observed in a farm located in Penglai, Shandong Province, and an outbreak of S. schlegeli disease occurred in the same farm in April 2019, with daily mortalities of 0.4%~1% and about 1%, respectively. The main symptoms in the diseased fish were ulcers, redness,swelling, and bleeding in the mouth. Most diseased fish in the ponds showed “red mouth”. No parasites were observed by the naked eye or light microscope. From the liver, spleen, and kidney of all the diseased fish, many homogeneous colonies were observed after three days incubation on TSA and 2216E agar plates. All strains had the same shape, color, and size, and the 16S rRNA genes of all strains were the same, with high identity with A. salmonicida. The virulence of the isolates was tested experimentally via injection with T. septentrionalis(infected by 2018TS-1) and S. schlegeli(infected by 2019SS-1) in the laboratory to calculate the median lethal dose(LD_(50)). The results showed that the LD_(50)of 2018TS-1 to T. septentrionalis was 1.78×10^(5) CFU/fish, and that of 2019SS-1 to S. schlegeli was 0.89×10^(5) CFU/fish. The dead fish of the experimentally infected group showed ulcers and red mouth, the same symptoms as in naturally infected fish. Domi

关 键 词：绿鳍马面鲀 许氏平鲉 细菌鉴定 杀鲑气单胞菌杀日本鲑亚种 

分 类 号：S941.429[农业科学—水产养殖]