U形枕在老年患者视网膜脱离术后体位管理中的应用  

Application of U-Shaped Pillow in Postural Management in Elderly Patients with Retinal Detachment

作　　者：刘喆 金欢欢 程彦如 LIU Zhe;JIN Huan-huan;CHENG Yan-ru(The Second Department of Ophthalmology,the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450000,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学第一附属医院眼二科,郑州450000

出　　处：《实用临床医学（江西）》2022年第6期68-71,97,共5页Practical Clinical Medicine

摘　　要：目的探讨将U形枕应用于老年视网膜脱离术后患者面向下体位管理对患者体位维持效量和睡眠质量的影响。方法选取老年视网膜脱离术后患者129例,按随机数字表法分为常规组64例和U型枕组65例,常规组使用常规枕垫进行面向下体位护理,U型枕组使用U形枕进行面向下体位护理,2组均干预2周。比较2组时间指标(术后住院期间每天睡眠时间、体位维持最长和平均时间)、睡眠质量[采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)评估,包括7个维度]、心理状态[采用汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)及抑郁量表(HAMD)评估]以及并发症(包括腰部不适、胸部压迫感、颈部不适、窒息感、眼压增高和角膜变性等)发生情况。结果U型枕组术后住院期间每天睡眠时间、体位维持最长和平均时间均较常规组长(P<0.01或P<0.001);干预后U型枕组PSQI各维度评分和总分、HAMA和HAMD评分均较常规组低(P<0.01或P<0.001);U型枕组并发症发生率较常规组低(7.69%比26.56%,P<0.01)。结论将U形枕应用于老年视网膜脱离术后患者面向下体位管理可改善患者体位维持效量及睡眠质量,有助于调节患者心理状态,并可减少并发症的发生,安全性较好。Objective To investigate the effects of U-shaped pillow on postural maintenance efficacy and sleep quality in the downward-facing position of elderly patients with retinal detachment.Methods A total of 129 elderly patients with retinal detachment were randomly given either routine pillow(64 cases)or U-shaped pillow(65 cases)for downward-facing position nursing for 2 weeks.The time indicators(the postoperative sleep time per day and the longest and average time of posture maintenance during hospitalization),sleep quality,psychological state and complications(lower back discomfort,chest pressure,neck discomfort,asphyxia,elevated intraocular pressure and corneal degeneration)were compared between the two groups.The sleep quality was assessed by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI),including 7 dimensions.The psychological state was evaluated by the Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA)and the Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD).Results The postoperative sleep time per day and the longest and average time of posture maintenance during hospitalization in the U-shaped pillow group were longer than those in the routine pillow group(P<0.01 or P<0.001).Furthermore,all dimension scores and total score of PSQI and the scores of HAMA and HAMD after intervention in the U-shaped pillow group were lower than those in the routine pillow group(P<0.01 or P<0.001).The incidence of complications in the U-shaped pillow group was lower than that in the routine pillow group(7.69%vs 26.56%,P<0.01).Conclusion The application of U-shaped pillow in downward-facing position of elderly patients with retinal detachment can safely improve the posture maintenance efficacy and sleep quality,help to adjust the psychological state,and reduce the occurrence of complications.

关 键 词：视网膜脱离术 面向下体位 U形枕 老年 

分 类 号：R473.77[医药卫生—护理学]