微生物菌肥和鸡粪混施对苹果幼苗生长的影响及盐碱化土壤改良效果  

Effects of mixed application of microbial fertilizer and chicken manure on apple seedling growth and saline-alkali soil improvement

作　　者：缪平 李发康 崔国栋 王桢予 MIAO Ping;LI Fakang;CUI Guodong;WANG Zhenyu(Gansu Construction Investment Ecological Construction Group Co.Ltd.,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃建投生态建设集团有限公司,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《北方农业学报》2022年第5期41-47,共7页Journal of Northern Agriculture

基　　金：黄河流域平凉市灵台县林草生态扶贫建设项目独店镇姚景项目区经济林建设一期工程。

摘　　要：【目的】探究微生物菌肥与鸡粪混施对苹果幼苗生长的影响以及改良苹果田盐碱化土壤的效果,为甘肃省苹果田盐碱土改良提供理论依据。【方法】设置不施加肥料(空白,T0)、单施微生物菌肥(对照,T1)、鸡粪50 g/(kg土)+微生物菌肥(T2)、鸡粪75 g/(kg土)+微生物菌肥(T3)、鸡粪100 g/(kg土)+微生物菌肥(T4)5个处理,研究30、60、90、120 d时不同处理对苹果幼苗生长、根系活力以及土壤pH值、总盐含量、容重、酶活性的影响。【结果】混合施加微生物菌肥和鸡粪,苹果幼苗叶片的叶面积均无显著变化(P>0.05)。120 d时,T4处理苹果幼苗叶片SPAD值最大,较T0和T1处理分别增加了15.75%和12.88%;土壤总盐含量、pH值、容重最小,较T0处理分别降低了15.51%、6.53%、23.82%,较T1处理分别降低了14.20%、3.49%、20.34%。120 d时,T3处理苹果幼苗根系活力最大,较T0和T1处理分别增加了12.15%和4.41%;苹果田盐碱土ALP活性、S-UE活性、NAG活性最大,较T0处理分别增加了65.52%、29.96%、116.38%,较T1处理分别增加了17.07%、14.95%、34.23%。【结论】鸡粪75 g/(kg土)+微生物菌肥、鸡粪100 g/(kg土)+微生物菌肥处理对苹果幼苗生长和盐碱化土壤的改善效果较好,且处理时间越长对苹果幼苗生长和土壤的改良效果越明显。【Objective】The effects of microbial fertilizer mixed with chicken manure on the growth of apple seedlings and the improvement of saline-alkali soil in apple field were studied in order to provide theoretical basis for the improvement of saline-alkali soil in apple field in Gansu Province.【Methods】Five treatments were set up:no fertilizer(blank,T0),single microbial fertilizer(control,T1),50 g/(kg soil)chicken manure+microbial fertilizer(T2),75 g/(kg soil)chicken manure+microbial fertilizer(T3),100 g/(kg soil)chicken manure+microbial fertilizer(T4).At 30,60,90,and 120 d,the effects of various treatments on apple seedling development,root activity and soil pH value,total salt content,bulk density,enzyme activities were studied.【Results】Combined application of chicken manure and microbial fertilizer,the leaf area of apple seedling leaves had no significant change(P>0.05).At 120 d,in T4 treatment,the leaf SPAD value of apple seedling was the largest,15.75%and 12.88%higher than that in T0 and T1 treatment,respectively.The soil total salt content,pH value,and bulk density were the lowest,15.51%,6.53%,and 23.82%lower than T0 treatment,and 14.20%,3.49%,and 20.34%lower than T1 treatment,respectively.At 120 d,in T3 treatment,apple seedling had the highest root activity,12.15%and 4.41%higher than those in the T0 and T1 treatments,respectively.The ALP activity,S-UE activity and NAG activity of saline-alkali soil in apple field were the highest,increased by 65.52%,29.96%and 116.38%respectively compared with T0 treatment and 17.07%,14.95%and 34.23%respectively compared with T1 treatment.【Conclusion】The growth of apple seedlings and saline-alkali soil were improved by the treatments of 75 g/(kg soil)chicken manure+microbial fertilizer and 100 g/(kg soil)chicken manure+microbial fertilizer.The longer the treatment period,the more pronounced the effects on apple seedling growth and soil improvement were.

关 键 词：微生物菌肥 鸡粪 苹果 幼苗生长 盐碱化土壤 理化性质 酶活性 

分 类 号：S661.106[农业科学—果树学]