中世纪西欧法律的多元一体建构  

The Construction of the Pluralistic Integration of Western European Law in the Middle Ages

作　　者：张乃和[1] Zhang Naihe

机构地区：[1]天津师范大学欧洲文明研究院暨历史文化学院,天津300387

出　　处：《中国社会科学》2022年第10期155-170,207,208,共18页Social Sciences in China

摘　　要：西罗马帝国晚期的《狄奥多西法典》,是日耳曼人大迁徙时所面临的统一的法律体系。此后,日耳曼人纷纷建国立法,打碎了这一法律体系,开启了多元的法律建构进程。随着封建经济社会生活的稳定和发展,中世纪西欧逐渐形成了封建法、教会法、海商法三大法律体系鼎立的局面。罗马法复兴则从法理上把这三大法律体系统一起来,从而形成了中世纪西欧法律的“三位一体”格局。从总体上看,中世纪西欧法律的建构经历了从一体到多元,又从多元走向新的一体的过程。这对重新认识中世纪西欧的法律文明具有重要启示。In the course of their migration,the Germanic peoples encountered the unified legal system of the Code of Theodosius compiled in the late of the Western Roman Empire.Thereafter,they established a succession of laws that broke down this legal system and launched a process of pluralistic legal construction.As feudal economic and social life began to stabilize and develop,a tripartite legal system of feudal law,canon law,and maritime law gradually took shape in medieval Western Europe.The revival of Roman law unified the three legal systems in terms of legal principle,thus contributing to the triune pattern of medieval law in Western Europe.Overall,this system’s construction underwent a process from integration to pluralism and thence to a new form of integration.This offers an important stimulus for the reunderstanding of Western Europe’s legal civilization in medieval times.

关 键 词：中世纪 西欧 法律 多元一体 社会性质 

分 类 号：D956[政治法律—法学]