骑士制度与西欧中世纪贵族观念  

Chivalry and the Concept of Nobility in Western Europe in the Middle Ages

作　　者：倪世光[1] Ni Shiguang

机构地区：[1]河北师范大学历史文化学院,石家庄050024

出　　处：《中国社会科学》2022年第10期190-203,208,共15页Social Sciences in China

摘　　要：西欧中世纪贵族的社会责任观念是其所处社会地位和所承担社会职责的反映,表现在社会思想文化中。由于西欧中世纪世俗贵族大都兼具骑士身份,有关他们应当承担什么样的社会责任、如何承担这些责任等内容,在13—14世纪产生的三部骑士规则文献中有较清晰的阐述。通过对这三部文献的梳理和解析,可从思想观念层面看到中世纪中、后期贵族应该承担社会责任的大致范围,也能了解贵族履行社会职责应达到的高度标准。对这方面问题的研究有助于深入了解西欧中世纪的历史,在更深层次认识中世纪贵族的思想和文化。The nobility in medieval Western Europe had a concept of social obligation that reflected their social status and duties and was expressed in their thinking and culture in relation to society.Since most of the secular nobles were also knights,the social obligations they should assume and the way these should be discharged are clearly stated in three codes of knightly behavior produced in the 13th-14th centuries.At the intellectual level,a detailed analysis of these texts can show the general scope of the social obligations of nobles in the middle and late Middle Ages and allows us to grasp the high standards for carrying these out.The study of these issues will help us to understand the history of medieval Western Europe and the thought and culture of the medieval nobility at a deeper level.

关 键 词：骑士规则 贵族责任观 中世纪 西欧 

分 类 号：D75[政治法律—政治学] K503[政治法律—中外政治制度]