语言特区与语言创新——以新兴标题格式“你不知道的X”为例  

Special Linguistic Zone and Language Innovation: A Case Study of the Emerging Title Construction “ni bu zhidao de X”

作　　者：张磊[1] Zhang Lei

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学文学院,430079

出　　处：《汉语学报》2022年第4期74-84,共11页Chinese Linguistics

基　　金：教育部人文社科青年基金项目“篇章视域下类指表达的句法语义互动研究”(编号:17YJC740115);国家社科基金青年项目“类指表达与语体类型的关联机制研究”(编号:21CYY042)的资助。

摘　　要：本文尝试借助新兴标题格式“你不知道的X”对语言特区与语言创新的互动关系进行探讨。研究发现,该格式在形义上具有一定特殊性:形式上,可变项X包括光杆普通名词、数量名短语、指量名短语和专名等名词性成分;语义上,可变项X大致可分为陈述性知识、程序性知识两大类,不变项的语义发生了主观化。该格式之所以能在标题中浮现出来,是因为具备“凸显信息价值”“消弭认识级差”“改善人际互动”等功能,这些功能同标题语言特区的功能需求和区位属性相契合。基于此,文章提出,语言特区与语言创新之间具有双向互动、双向影响的关系:一方面,语言特区对语言创新具有双重塑造的作用,具体表现为语言特区孕育语言创新,语言特区规制语言创新;另一方面,语言创新对语言特区具有双重实现的功能,具体表现为语言创新成就语言特区,语言创新发展语言特区。The paper investigates the interaction between special linguistic zone and language innovation by looking into the case of “ni bu zhidao de X(X that you don’t know)”, an emerging construction popularly used in titles. This paper has found that this construction has special features in form and in meaning. In terms of form, the productive element X in this construction could include noun elements such as a bare noun, a “numeral+(quantifier)+noun” combination, a “pronoun+(quantifier)+noun” combination, or a proper noun. Semantically, the productive element X of this construction can be declarative knowledge or procedural knowledge, while the semantic subjunctivization of the fixed element is observed. It is also found that functional attributes of the construction, for example, “highlight informational value”, “eliminate the epistemic gap”, and “improve interpersonal interaction”, have contributed to its popularity in titles. At the same time, these functional attributes fit nicely the functional expectation and attributes of the special linguistic zone of titles. Therefore, this paper argues that the special linguistic zone and linguistic innovation are of two-way interaction and mutual influence. On the one hand, the special linguistic zone generates a dual shaping impact on linguistic innovation, manifested in its nurturing capacity and restriction force over linguistic innovation at the same time. On the other hand, linguistic innovation exerts its influence on the special linguistic zone in two ways, completing the special linguistic zone and promoting the special linguistic zone.

关 键 词：“你不知道的X” 语言特区 语言创新 标题语言 类指表达 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]