基于磁滞无损检测的起重机械安全状态评估  

Evaluation of hoisting machinery safety state based on hysteresis nondestructive testing

作　　者：姜晓军 程旭 郑炳河 李新喜[2] 张国庆[2] 董鑫龙 JIANG Xiao-jun;CHENG Xu;ZHENG Bing-he;LI Xin-xi;ZHANG Guo-qing;DONG Xin-long(Hoisting Machinery and Vehicle Inspection Room,Guangdong Special Equipment Testing and Research Institute,Guangzhou 510000,China;School of Materials and Energy,Guangdong University of Technology,Guangzhou510006,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省特种设备检测研究院起重机械与车辆检验室,广东广州510000 [2]广东工业大学材料与能源学院,广东广州510006

出　　处：《磁性材料及器件》2022年第6期95-99,共5页Journal of Magnetic Materials and Devices

基　　金：国家自然科学面上基金资助项目(21875046);广东省特种设备检测研究院科技项目(2020JD-2-02)。

摘　　要：针对起重机械安全状态难以判断、剩余寿命无法定量评估的问题,本文利用磁滞应力测量仪(MC-04H-2)采集了门式起重机主梁的矫顽力数据,通过矫顽力与应力、剩余寿命关系评估其各部位服役状态与剩余寿命。结果表明,主梁与支架连接部位矫顽力较大,达到5.2 A/cm,各部位剩余寿命为50~70%,均处于安全状态。此外建立了起重机主梁有限元模型进行仿真。仿真结果表明,主梁的最大应力出现在与支架连接部位,中间部位应力较两端更大,这与现场测试结果高度一致。通过测量起重机械铁磁性材料的矫顽力,实时有效地得到各部位的应力与服役情况,从而对其进行准确的安全状态与剩余寿命评估,为进一步完善起重机械评估技术提供了分析思路与参考。Aiming at the problem that the safety state of lifting machinery is difficult to judge and the remaining life can not be quantitatively evaluated,this paper collects the coercivity data of the main girder of gantry crane by using the hysteresis stress measuring instrument(MC-04H-2),and evaluates the service state and remaining life of each part through the relationship between coercivity,stress and remaining life.The results show that the coercivity of the connecting part of the main beam and the support is 5.2 A/cm,and the remaining life of each part is 50%-70%,which are all in safe state.In addition,the finite element model of crane girder is established for simulation.The simulation results show that the maximum stress of the main beam occurs at the part connected with the support,and the stress in the middle part is larger than that at the two ends,which is highly consistent with the field test results.In this paper,by measuring the coercivity of ferromagnetic material of lifting machinery,the stress and service condition of each part can be obtained effectively in real time,so as to evaluate the safety state and residual life of lifting machinery accurately,which provides an analytical thought and reference for further perfecting the evaluation technology of lifting machinery.

关 键 词：起重机械 无损检测 矫顽力 应力 寿命 

分 类 号：TH215[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]