国家卫生城市环境卫生状况居民满意度问卷编制及信效度评价  

Development,reliability and validity evaluation of residents'satisfaction questionnaire on environmental sanitation of National Hygienic City

作　　者：董佳鑫 王琦琦[1] 么鸿雁[1] 孙谨芳[1] 亓晓[1] 张东献 郑文静[1] 刘剑君[3] DONG Jia-xin;WANG Qi-qi;YAO Hong-yan;SUN Jin-fang;QI Xiao;ZHANG Dong-xian;ZHENG Wen-jing;LIU Jian-jun(Office of Epidemiology,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心流行病学办公室(爱国卫生工作技术指导处),北京102206 [2]海南医学院管理学院,海南海口570100 [3]中国疾病预防控制中心,北京102206

出　　处：《中国健康教育》2022年第9期776-781,共6页Chinese Journal of Health Education

基　　金：中华预防医学会履职运行项目(2022年);中国疾控中心公共卫生应急反应机制的运行(131031001000210001)。

摘　　要：目的编制国家卫生城市环境卫生状况居民满意度问卷并进行信效度检验,为国家卫生城市环境卫生状况主观评价提供可靠适宜的测量工具。方法通过文献检索、专题小组讨论、访谈法及专家座谈会形成问卷初稿,通过预调查、临界比值法、相关性分析法进行条目筛选,利用探索性因子分析构建问卷维度。利用Cronbach'sα系数和Spearman-Brown系数进行信度考评,采用专家座谈会、验证性因子分析分别对内容效度、结构效度、聚敛效度和区分效度进行评价。结果最终形成的问卷包括市容环境卫生、重点场所卫生、水卫生、环境卫生管理4个维度,共27个条目。探索性因子分析结果显示,4个维度的方差累积贡献率为60.97%。总问卷的Cronbach'sα系数=0.932,Spearman-Brown系数=0.825。验证性因子分析结果显示,模型的整体拟合度良好[χ^(2)/df=4.977、拟合优度指数(GFI)=0.788、调整拟合优度指数(AGFI)=0.748、相对拟合指数(CFI)=0.863、增值拟合指数(IFI)=0.863、Tucker-Lewis拟合指数(TLI)=0.849、渐进残差均方和平方根(RMSEA)=0.087]。结论编制的国家卫生城市居民环境卫生满意度问卷具有良好的信度和效度,可作为评价国家卫生城市环境卫生状况居民满意度的测量工具。Objective To evaluate the reliability and validity of a questionnaire on residents'satisfaction with environmental sanitation,and to provide a reliable and appropriate measurement tool for evaluation on environmental sanitation in National Hygienic Cities.Methods A preliminary questionnaire was formed by literature retrieval,panel discussion,interview and expert forum.All of the items were selected by pre-survey,critical ratio method and correlation analysis method.The dimensions of the questionnaire were constructed by exploratory factor analysis.Cronbach'sαcoefficient and Spearman-Brown coefficient were used to evaluate the reliability,and expert forum and confirmatory factor analysis were used to evaluate the content validity,structure validity,convergence validity and discriminate validity,respectively.Results A total of 27 items were included in the questionnaire,including city appearance and environmental sanitation,key site sanitation,water sanitation and environmental sanitation management.Exploratory factor analysis results showed that the cumulative contribution rate of variance of the four dimensions was 60.97%.Cronbach'sαcoefficient and Spearman-Brown coefficient of the total questionnaire were 0.932 and 0.825 respectively.Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the overall fit degree of the model was good[χ^(2)/df=4.977,Goodness-of-Fit Index(GFI)=0.788,Adjusted Goodness-of-Fit Index(AGFI)=0.748,Comparative Fit Index(CFI)=0.863,Incremental Fit Index(IFI)=0.863,Tucker-Lewis Index(TLI)=0.849,Root Mean Square Error of Approximation(RMSEA)=0.087].Conclusion The questionnaire had good reliability and validity,and it can be used as measuring tool to evaluate residents'satisfaction with environmental health status in national hygienic cities.

关 键 词：环境卫生 满意度 问卷 信度 效度 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]