常态化防控阶段公民新冠疫情应对行为及引导策略研究——基于PSR模型的实证分析  

An Empirical Analysis of the Researches on The Citizens’Response Behavior and Guidance Strategies in the Stage of Regular Epidemic Prevention and Control Based on The PSR Model

作　　者：郄子君 郭文林 Qie Zijun(Dalian University of Technology,Dalian,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学人文与社会科学学部,辽宁大连116024 [2]山东大学政治学与公共管理学院

出　　处：《中国卫生事业管理》2022年第12期881-888,898,共9页Chinese Health Service Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目“考虑区域特征的城市级联灾害风险评估及防控策略研究”(71901047);国家自然科学基金面上项目“区域系统性灾害风险评估理论与方法研究”(71871039);教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目“关联视角下的城市级联灾害情景建模与风险控制策略研究”(19YJC630130);大连市社科院一般课题“基于情景推演的NaTech事件风险分析及防范策略研究”(2021dlsky005)。

摘　　要：目的:探究疫情期间公民风险应对行为的形成机理,有助于高效引导公民的风险应对行为,为巩固和提升新冠疫情防控效果提供决策支持。方法:通过对常态化防控阶段疫情爆发地区942名公民进行问卷调查,运用AMOS23.0构建应对行为形成机理的结构方程模型。结果:疫情期间公民风险应对行为的采纳,是疫情信息压力驱动导致的其自身风险感知和心理健康状况发生变化后做出的应激反应,体现出典型的压力状态响应的过程。疫情严重程度的信息(P<0.01)和防疫救援的信息(P<0.001)均会引起公民的风险感知和心理健康状态的变化;糟糕的心理健康状况(P<0.01)显著负向影响公民积极应对行为,正向影响消极应对行为(P<0.001);公民疫情期间的消极应对行为更多的是一种心理宣泄。结论:疫发区政府应当完善风险信息治理体系,进行有针对性的信息释放,风险沟通工作中有重点的开展心理疏导促进公民积极应对行为的采纳,减少消极应对行为的出现。Objective To explore the formation mechanism of citizens’risk response behaviors during the epidemic,guide citizens’risk response behaviors,and provide decision support for consolidating and enhancing the effectiveness of epidemic prevention and control.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 942 citizens in the epidemic outbreak areas during the regular prevention and control stage.A structural equation model on the formation mechanism of response behavior was constructed by using Amos 23.0.Results The adoption of citizens’response behaviors during the epidemic is a stress response on the changes of their risk perception and mental health status due to the pressure epidemic information,which is a typical process of responding to a stressful state.Both the information reflecting the severity of epidemics and epidemic prevention and rescue will cause changes in citizens’risk perception and mental health.Poor mental health significantly negatively affects citizens’positive coping behavior,while positively affects negative coping behavior.The passive response behavior of citizens during the epidemic is more of a psychological catharsis.Conclusion It is suggested for the local governments in outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic to improve the risk information governance system and carry out targeted information release.In the risk communication,psychological counseling should be carried out to promote the citizens’adoption of active coping behaviors and reduce the occurrence of negative coping behaviors.

关 键 词：常态化疫情防控 压力-状态-响应模型 风险信息 风险感知 应对行为 

分 类 号：R197[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]