参加社区健康体检的50岁及以上人群艾滋病相关知识、性行为及HIV检测的接受度调查  

AIDS-related knowledge, sexual behavior and acceptance of HIV testing among people aged 50 years and above undergoing community-based health examination

作　　者：谢莹 安文红 赵地 郑淳元 孟婧婧 王红红[1] XIE Ying;AN Wen-hong;ZHAO Di;ZHENG Chun-yuan;MENG Jing-jing;WANG Hong-hong(Xiangya School of Nursing,Central South University,Changsha,Hunan 410013,China;Panzhihua University,Panzhihua,Sichuan 617000,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学湘雅护理学院,湖南长沙410013 [2]攀枝花学院,四川攀枝花617000

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2022年第12期1414-1418,共5页Practical Preventive Medicine

基　　金：护理学湖南省重点实验室(2017TP1004)。

摘　　要：目的 了解50岁及以上人群艾滋病相关知识、性行为状况,并探讨该人群对社区健康体检中提供HIV检测的接受度。方法 2020年6-8月在长沙市某区一个社区卫生服务中心和一个镇卫生院对自愿参加健康体检的50岁及以上人群进行问卷调查和HIV、梅毒检测。结果 有效问卷调查843人,有效应答率90.9%(843/927)。艾滋病防治相关知识总体知晓率为32.9%(277/843);居住地为城镇(OR=1.784,95%CI:1.236~2.575)、文化程度越高(初中OR=1.504,95%CI:1.021~2.216;高中/中专OR=3.048,95%CI:1.915~4.851;大专及以上OR=3.880,95%CI:1.192~12.632)、个人年收入越高(≥20 000元OR=1.895,95%CI:1.242~2.893),知晓艾滋病防治相关知识的可能性越大;而年龄越大,知晓的可能性越小。男性的性需求(Z=-6.585)、自我报告性生活频率(Z=-3.640)均高于女性(P<0.001)。知晓艾滋病防治相关知识者更有可能在性生活时使用安全套(Z=-2.134,P=0.002)。98.6%(831/843)的调查对象从未做过HIV检测,且居住地不同,其从未做过HIV检测的原因不同(P<0.001),但对健康体检中提供的HIV检测的接受率为96.0%(890/927)。HIV抗体阳性0人,梅毒抗体阳性4人。结论 50岁及以上人群艾滋病相关认知水平不足,多种不安全性行为并存,建议加强对该年龄组人群艾滋病知识宣教,尤其是农村、文化程度低的老年人;可考虑在其社区体检时加入HIV和梅毒检测,尽早发现HIV感染者。Objective To investigate AIDS-related knowledge and sexual behavior among people aged≥50 years,and to explore their acceptability of providing HIV testing in community-based health examination.Methods From June to August2021,we conducted a questionnaire survey and HIV and syphilis tests among people aged 50 years and above who participated in physical examination in a community health service center and a township hospital in a district of Changsha City.Results Eight hundred and forty-three valid questionnaires were retrieved,with the effective response rate being 90.9%(843/927).The total awareness rate of knowledge related to AIDS prevention and treatment was 32.9%(277/843).Respondents living in rural areas(OR=1.784,95%CI:1.236-2.575),having higher education levels(junior middle school OR=1.504,95%CI:1.021-2.216;high school/technical secondary school OR=3.048,95%CI:1.915-4.851;junior college and above OR=3.880,95% CI:1.192-12.632) and drawing a large personal annual income(RMB 20,000-OR=1.895,95%CI:1.242-2.893) were more likely to know knowledge related to AIDS prevention and treatment,while the older respondents were less likely to know the knowledge.Male respondents had higher sexual needs(Z=-6.585) and self-reported sexual frequency(Z=-3.640) than female respondents(P<0.001).Respondents with knowledge about AIDS prevention and treatment were more likely to use condoms during sex(Z=-2.134,P=0.002).98.6%(831/843) of the respondents had never had an HIV test,and the reasons were different depending on where they lived(P<0.001),but the acceptance rate of HIV test provided in community-based health check-ups was 96.0%(890/927).None of the respondents tested positive for HIV,but 4 were tested positive for syphilis.Conclusion The population aged 50 years and above had a lower level of AIDS-related cognition and a variety of unsafe behaviors.We suggest strengthening the propaganda and education about AIDS prevention and control knowledge in this age group,especially among the elderly in rural areas with low educati

关 键 词：50岁及以上人群 艾滋病 HIV检测 健康教育 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学]