小儿常用药ADR的发生规律、特点及给予用药指导的作用分析  

Occurrence Regularity and Characteristics of ADR,Commonly Used Medicine in Children,and Analysis of the Role of Medication Guidance

作　　者：张娜[1] 张芳芳[1] ZHANG Na;ZHANG Fang-fang(Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University,Henan Provincial Children's Hospital,Intravenous Drug Distribution Center of Zhengzhou Children's Hospital,Zhengzhou 450000,Henan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学附属儿童医院、河南省儿童医院、郑州儿童医院静脉用药调配中心,河南郑州450000

出　　处：《罕少疾病杂志》2023年第1期108-109,112,共3页Journal of Rare and Uncommon Diseases

摘　　要：目的分析小儿常用药不良反应的发生规律、特点,为临床用药提供参考指导。方法收集2019年1月至2020年10月河南省儿童医院150例小儿常用药不良反应(ADR)报告,分析ADR发生特点及规律。结果150例ADR报告中,轻度占45.33%,中度占40.67%,重度占14.0%。对原患疾病影响:无明显影响占54.0%,延长治疗时间占41.33%,疾病加重占4.67%。治疗情况:治愈占49.33%,好转占46.0%,出现后遗症占4.67%。男占52.0%,女占48.0%。年龄分布:1~3岁占35.33%,>3~6岁占27.33%,>6~9岁占23.33%,>9岁占14.0%。抗生素类药物占50.0%,中药制剂占27.33%,维生素类占12.0%,呼吸系统用药占4.0%,循环系统用药占4.0%,解热镇痛药物占2.67%。给药剂型:注射剂占85.33%,颗粒占8.0%,片剂占5.33%,滴剂占1.33%。给药途径:静脉滴注占83.33%,肌肉注射占2.0%,口服占6.67%。皮肤及其附件占59.33%;全身性损害占12.0%;五官系统占8.67%;消化系统占6.67%;神经系统占5.33%;呼吸系统占4.0%;循环系统占2.67%;肌肉及骨骼系统占0.67%,泌尿系统占0.67%。结论小儿常用药不良反应较多,加强用药监测,可为临床合理、安全用药提供参考。Objective To analyze the occurrence regularity and characteristics of adverse reactions of commonly used drugs in children,and provide reference guidance for clinical drug use.Methods A total of 150 pediatric adverse drug reactions(ADR)reports from Henan Provincial Children's Hospital from January 2019 to October 2020 were collected,and the occurrence characteristics and regularity of ADR were analyzed.Results Among the 150 ADR reports,45.33%were mild,40.67%were moderate,and 14.0%were severe.Influence on the original disease:no obvious effect accounted for 54.0%,prolonged treatment time accounted for 41.33%,and disease aggravation accounted for 4.67%.Treatment status:49.33%were cured,46.0%improved,and 4.67%had sequelae.Males accounted for 52.0%and females accounted for 48.0%.Age distribution:1~3 years old accounted for 35.33%,>3~6 years old accounted for 27.33%,>6~9 years old accounted for 23.33%,>9 years old accounted for 14.0%.Antibiotic drugs accounted for 50.0%,traditional Chinese medicine preparations accounted for 27.33%,vitamins accounted for 12.0%,respiratory system drugs accounted for 4.0%,circulatory system drugs accounted for 4.0%,and antipyretic and analgesic drugs accounted for 2.67%.Dosage form:injections accounted for 85.33%,granules accounted for 8.0%,tablets accounted for 5.33%,and drops accounted for 1.33%.Route of administration:intravenous drip accounted for 83.33%,intramuscular injection accounted for 2.0%,and oral administration accounted for 6.67%.Skin and its accessories accounted for 59.33%;systemic damage accounted for 12.0%;facial features accounted for 8.67%;digestive system accounted for 6.67%;nervous system accounted for 5.33%;respiratory system accounted for 4.0%;circulatory system accounted for 2.67%;muscle and skeletal system accounted for 0.67%,urinary system accounted for 0.67%.Conclusion There are many adverse reactions of commonly used drugs in children.Strengthening drug monitoring can provide reference for clinical rational and safe drug use.

关 键 词：小儿 常用药 不良反应 规律 特点 用药指导 

分 类 号：R978.1[医药卫生—药品]