光响应Janus粒子体系的构建与应用  

Construction and Application of Photoresponsive Janus Particles

作　　者：郑明心 谭臻至 袁金颖[1] Mingxin Zheng;Zhenzhi Tan;Jinying Yuan(Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics&Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education,Department of Chemistry,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学化学系有机光电子与分子工程教育部重点实验室,北京100084

出　　处：《化学进展》2022年第11期2476-2488,共13页Progress in Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.22071131,21871162)资助。

摘　　要：Janus粒子通常由两种或两种以上不同物理或化学性质的部分组成,其结构的不对称性导致了粒子形貌和性质具有不对称性。与“静态”Janus粒子相比,具有刺激响应性的“动态”Janus粒子能够与环境发生相互作用,在外界刺激下表达特殊功能。光响应Janus粒子是一类可以在光刺激下发生特定响应的Janus粒子,其两侧不同的组成不仅可以结合多种类型的光响应性,也能与其他类型的刺激响应进行配合,从而实现对特定体系的精确调控。由于光能易于调节的特性,光响应Janus粒子可以与无机纳米团簇或有机官能团产生特定反应,具有光热效应、色彩调节、光动力治疗等独特特性。它们还可以应用于药物递送、生物传感与成像、微纳米马达和光致发光等领域,为解决生物医学和光学器件相关的问题提供了新的方法。本文主要介绍光响应Janus粒子近期发展的制备方法,并着重阐述其独特调控机理以及其在生物医药、发光材料等领域的突出应用,最后对目前该领域的发展前景做出展望。Janus particles are usually composed of parts with two or more different physical or chemical properties,and are characterized by structural asymmetry,which leads to asymmetries in particle morphology and physical properties.Compared with static Janus particles,dynamic Janus particles,which can realize stimuli-response,can interact with the environment well to express their special role in a specific environment under external stimulus.Photoresponsive Janus particles are asymmetric particles that can respond to specific light stimuli.Different materials on both sides of Janus particles can not only compound with different types of photoresponse,but also can compound with other types of stimuli-responses,to achieve precise regulation of specific systems.Because the energy of light can be easily regulated,photoresponsive Janus particles can produce specific reactions to inorganic nanoclusters or organic functional groups.So photoresponsive Janus particles can present photothermal effect,color adjustment,photodynamic therapy and other unique properties.They can also be applicated in drug delivery,biological sensing and imaging,micro nanomotors and photoluminescence,which provides a new way to solve problems in the field of biomedicine and optical devices.In this paper,the recent development of preparation methods of inorganic and polymeric photoresponsive Janus particles are introduced,and their unique regulatory mechanism and outstanding applications in the fields of biomedicine and luminescent materials are emphasized.Finally,the challenges and development prospects in this field are discussed.

关 键 词：Janus粒子 光响应性 微纳米马达 智能纳米材料 药物递送 生物传感 光致发光 光热效应 

分 类 号：O631[理学—高分子化学] TB381[理学—化学]