自然保护地生态系统修复研究进展与修复策略  

Ecosystem Restoration in Protected Areas:Progress and Strategies

作　　者：成超男 李锋 杨锐[1,3] 吕婧[4] CHENG Chaonan;LI Feng;YANG Rui;LÜJing(Department of Landscape Architecture,and Ecological Restoration Research Center,School of Architecture,Tsinghua University,research area,jing 100084;Department of Landscape Architecture,School of Architecture,Tsinghua University,Vice Editor-in-Chief of Chinese Landscape Architecture,research area:national park and nature reserve,world heritage,landscape architecture theory and education,Beijing 100084;Department of Funds Management of the Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation Center,Ministry of Natural Resources,Beijing 100035)

机构地区：[1]清华大学建筑学院景观学系,北京100084 [2]清华大学建筑学院生态修复研究中心,北京100084 [3]清华大学国家公园研究院,北京100084 [4]自然资源部国土整治中心资金管理部,北京100035

出　　处：《中国园林》2022年第12期6-13,共8页Chinese Landscape Architecture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号71734006)资助。

摘　　要：为应对全球气候变化、生物多样性丧失、生态系统服务降低以及入侵物种增加等问题与挑战,有关保护地生态系统修复的研究与实践亟待开展。通过文献整理、案例筛选与实地调研相结合的方法,认识到保护地生态系统修复具有保护生态系统完整性、促进净增益最优化以及协调生态保护与社区发展等重要意义。在此基础上,阐述自然保护地生态系统修复的原则、愿景、目标和指标;结合国内外典型案例说明自然恢复、辅助再生、生态重建和保护保育4种修复模式的应用情景。同时,根据文献分析总结中国生态系统的退化分布及其原因,结合实地调研结果提出保护地生态系统修复的问题与关注重点,并有针对性地提出6项具体的修复策略与3项建议。以期在中国国土空间生态保护修复背景下,为自然保护地生态系统修复活动的开展提供理论支持与案例参考。Studies and practices on ecosystem restoration in protected areas(PAs)are urgently needed to address the problems and challenges of global climate change,biodiversity loss,reduced ecosystem services and increased invasive species.Through a combination of literature compilation,case selection and field research,it is argued that ecosystem restoration in PAs is critical for protecting ecosystem integrity,optimizing net gain and reconciling ecological conservation with community development.This paper proposed objectives and principles for ecosystem restoration in PAs at four levels:principles,goals,targets and indicators.The article illustrated the four restoration technology models of natural regeneration,assisted regeneration,reconstruction and ecosystem conservation with typical cases at home and abroad.Meanwhile,learning from the literature,the distribution and causes of ecosystem degradation in China were identified.It also analyzed the current problems and concerns of ecosystem restoration in PAs in China.Finally,six specific restoration strategies and three recommendations with the results of the field research were presented.The aim is to provide theoretical support and case references for ecosystem restoration activities in PAs in the context of ecological conservation and restoration of national land space.

关 键 词：风景园林 生态系统退化 生态系统修复 自然保护地 国家公园 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]