西藏墨脱县北部嘎瓦龙山繁殖鸟类多样性初报  

A Preliminary Report on Breeding Bird Diversity in Gawalong Mountain of Northern Medog County,Tibet

作　　者：翁仕洋 刘善思 杨乐 WENG Shiyang;LIU Shansi;YANG Le(Tibet Plateau Institute of Biology,Lhasa 850000,China;Tibet Museum of Natural Science,Lhasa 850000,China)

机构地区：[1]西藏自治区高原生物研究所,西藏拉萨850000 [2]西藏自然科学博物馆,西藏拉萨850000

出　　处：《高原科学研究》2022年第4期20-32,共13页Plateau Science Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31360141);生态环境部生物多样性保护专项项目。

摘　　要：该研究于2016—2019年每年5月和6月对西藏墨脱县北部嘎瓦龙山开展2次实地调查,累计记录到鸟类184种,隶属12目48科,其中雀形目鸟类达151种(82.07%)。从区系组成来看,东洋界物种有144种(78.26%),古北界物种有23种(12.50%),广布种有17种(9.24%);从濒危和受保护情况来看,有国家二级重点保护鸟类13种;列入到濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约(CITES附录Ⅱ)鸟类8种;列入世界自然保护联盟(IUCN)濒危物种红色名录近危(NT)鸟类2种;列入中国脊椎动物红色名录12种;中国特有鸟类3种。研究表明,常绿阔叶林生境环境下鸟类多样性最高,河流的鸟类均匀度指数最高,针阔混交林与常绿针叶林的鸟类群落结构相似性指数最高;研究区域鸟类物种丰富度在600~1200 m的低海拔地区最高,在大于2700 m的高海拔地区最低,物种垂直分布格局呈单调递减模式。The bird diversity was investigated twice per year from May to June in 2016—2019 in Gawalong mountain located in the northern Medog County.A total of 184 avian species are recorded,belonging to 12 orders and 48 families,of which 151 species of Passeriformes(82.07%).The avian fauna are composed of 144 Oriental realm species(78.26%),23 Palaearctic realm species(12.50%)and 17 eurytopic species(9.24%).There were 13 species of class Ⅱ national key protected birds,8 species were listed in Appendix Ⅱ of CITES,2 species were classified in the IUCN category NT and 12 species were listed on China Red List.The highest diversity of bird occurred in area of evergreen broad-leaved forest and birds live surranding of river had the highest evenness index.The bird community structure in the mixed coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest has the highest similarity with that in the green coniferous forest.The bird species richness is the highest in low altitude areas between 600 m and 1200 m above sea level and the lowest in the high altitude areas at higher than 2700 m above sea level in this area.The vertical distribution pattern of bird species showed a monotonously decreasing mode.

关 键 词：墨脱县 嘎瓦龙山 鸟类多样性 鸟类区系 垂直分布 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]