精密铸造陶瓷型壳用硅溶胶研究进展  

Research Progress on Colloidal Silica for Ceramic Shells in Investment Casting

作　　者：李倩 刘智鹏 赵巍 李勇 张强[1] 沈滨 周悍坤 吕永乐 董龙沛 LI Qian;LIU Zhipeng;ZHAO Wei;LI Yong;ZHANG Qiang;SHEN Bin;ZHOU Hankun;LYU Yongle;DONG Longpei(Science and Technology on Advanced High Temperature Structural Materials Laboratory,Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials,Beijing 100095,China;Leicester International Institute,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 124000,China;The Sixth Military Representative Office of Airforce in Beijing,Beijing 100013,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Beijing University of Science and Technology,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京航空材料研究院先进高温结构材料重点实验室,北京100095 [2]大连理工大学莱斯特国际学院,辽宁大连124000 [3]空军驻北京地区第六军事代表室,北京100013 [4]北京科技大学材料科学与工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《铸造技术》2022年第11期989-995,共7页Foundry Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52001297,91860202)。

摘　　要：硅溶胶是纳米二氧化硅颗粒在水或有机溶剂中的分散溶液,具有高黏度、高热稳定性以及环境友好等优点。精密铸造用陶瓷型壳由耐火材料、黏结剂(硅溶胶)等材料组成。本文综述了各种硅溶胶的制备方法,包括透析法、硅溶解法、离子交换法和溶胶-凝胶法。通过调节硅溶胶的浓度、颗粒尺寸、pH值、温度、离子浓度等,控制凝胶化行为、干燥时间和制备的外壳强度。同时,对影响凝胶化的各种因素进行了评述,并对硅溶胶的未来发展趋势进行了讨论。Colloidal silica is defined as a dispersed suspension of silica nanoparticles with the advantages of high viscosity,high thermal stability and environmental friendliness.The ceramic shell in investment casting is mainly composed of refractory material and binder(colloidal silica).In this review,various methods for preparing colloidal silica(including electrodialysis,silicon dissolving,ion exchange and sol-gel process)have been displayed and discussed.The gelation behavior of colloidal silica(including gelation/drying time and shell strength)is controlled by regulating the colloidal silica concentration,colloidal size,pH value,temperature,and ion concentration.Meanwhile,other influencing factors for gelation have been reviewed,and future trends of colloidal silica in ceramic shells have been discussed.

关 键 词：硅溶胶 精密铸造 凝胶 陶瓷型壳 

分 类 号：TG249.5[机械工程—精密仪器及机械]