采用数值仿真实验的“透光”镜制造原理  

Manufacturing Principle of“Light-Transparent”Mirror Using Numerical Simulation Experiment

作　　者：李卓 姜峰 王福增[1,2] 路冬 吴贤 黄国钦 黄辉 LI Zhuo;JIANG Feng;WANG Fuzeng;LU Dong;WU Xian;HUANG Guoqin;HUANG Hui(Institute of Manufacturing Engineering,Huaqiao University,Xiamen 361021,China;College of Mechanical Engineering and Automation,Xiamen 361021,China;Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering,Southern University of Science and Technology,Shenzhen 518055,China)

机构地区：[1]华侨大学制造工程研究院,福建厦门361021 [2]华侨大学机电及自动化学院,福建厦门361021 [3]南方科技大学机械与能源工程系,广东深圳518055

出　　处：《华侨大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第1期1-11,共11页Journal of Huaqiao University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51905182);华侨大学第二批“课程思政”特色示范课堂资助项目(2020年度)。

摘　　要：对“透光”镜造型进行检测分析,探明“透光”现象的关键原因为镜面整体上凸,镜面存在微观结构.对镜体材质、铸造残余应力、研磨量和研磨方式等关键因素进行分析,逐步探明制镜工艺特点.以ABAQUS软件为平台,通过数值仿真实验分析镜面研磨过程中残余应力引起的镜体变形效果.仿真结果表明:随着“透光”镜的镜面研磨去除量和去除曲率逐渐增大,镜面微观结构的高度差将逐渐增大,形貌特征将更加明显;在平面研磨过程中,随着镜体刚度逐渐下降,铸造残余应力克服镜体刚度使镜面产生拱起变形和应变差异;在曲面精磨过程中,随着镜面弯曲曲率的增大,镜体内部残余应力更易释放,镜面上的微观结构也更加明显,最终形成镜面“透光”现象.The shape of the"light-transparent"mirror was measured and analyzed,and it was proved that the key reasons of the"light-transparent"phenomenon were that the mirror surface was convex as a whole and there was microstructures on the mirror surface.The key factors such as the material of the mirror body,casting-induced residual stress,material removal amount and grinding method were analyzed,the machining process of the mirror had been verified.Using the ABAQUS software,the effect of deformation of mirror body caused by the residual stress during the mirror grinding process had been analyzed by numerical simulation experiment.The simulation results show that as the removal amount and removal curvature of the mirror surface of the"light-transparent"mirror gradually increase,the height difference of the mirror surface microstructure will gradually increase,and the morphology characteristics will become more obvious.In the process of surface grinding,as the mirror body stiffness gradually decreases,the casting-induced residual stress overcomes the mirror body stiffness and causes the mirror surface to produce arching deformation and strain differences.In the process of curved surface grinding,the residual stress inside the mirror body is easier to release with the increase of curvature of the mirror surface,and the microstructure on the mirror surface is also more obvious.Finally,the phenomenon of"light-transparent"of the mirror surface is obtained.

关 键 词：“透光”镜 残余应力 微观结构 数值仿真 应变 

分 类 号：TG147[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TG17[金属学及工艺—金属材料]