生态输水对塔里木河中下游地表水及地下水水质的影响  

Impact of Ecological Water Transfer on Surface Water and Groundwater Quality in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Tarim River

作　　者：艾吉尔·阿不拉[1,2] 王新英 刘茂秀[1,2] 马继龙 Aijier Abula;Wang Xinying;Liu Maoxiu;Ma Jilong(Xinjiang Academy of Forestry Sicence,Urumqi 830046,China;Research Station of Riparian Populus euphratica Forest Ecosystem Positioning and Monitoring in Tarim River of Xinjiang,Urumqi 830046,China;College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆林业科学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830046 [2]新疆塔里木河胡杨林生态系统定位观测研究站,新疆乌鲁木齐830046 [3]新疆农业大学林学与风景园林学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《防护林科技》2023年第1期13-16,33,共5页Protection Forest Science and Technology

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区公益性科研院所科研基本业务费专项(KY2019047)。

摘　　要：在塔里木河流域生态输水工程背景下,以塔里木河流域地表水与地下水为研究对象,通过在塔里木河中上游、中游及下游设置固定监测样点,连续开展水域水质监测。结果表明:随着输水时间的延长,水体中pH呈先降低后增加的趋势,COD含量在输水中期和退水初期达到最高值,BOD5和NO_(2)^(-)N含量呈先增加后降低,易沉固体含量则呈持续降低趋势;生态输水期COD、BOD5和TP含量在地下水和地表水间差异不显著,输水结束后差异逐渐显著;中下游各区域地表水水质指标含量均高于地下水;BOD5含量、易沉固体含量在地表水与地下水间相关性极显著(P<0.01),地表水中易沉固体含量与地表水BOD5含量、地下水BOD5与地表水COD含量、地下水中易沉固体含量与地表水BOD5含量、COD含量之间均显著相关(P<0.05)。生态输水降低了流域中下游地表水及地下水pH和易沉固体含量,增加了水体中COD和BOD5含量,由生态输水造成的地表水对地下水水质的影响具有滞后效应。因此,在生态输水过程中要关注输水量控制,防止上中游灌区排水注入干流,保证中下游区域水环境良好,有效促进胡杨林生态系统恢复,实现生态输水工程的生态价值。In the context of the ecological water transfer project in the Tarim River basin, surface water and groundwater in the Tarim River basin was studied, and water quality monitoring was continuously carried out by setting up fixed monitoring sample points in the middle and upper reaches, middle and lower reaches of the Tarim River. The results showed as follows: with the extension of the water transfer time, the pH in the water body showed a trend of decreasing and then increasing, the COD content reached the highest value in the middle of the water transfer and the early stage of the water withdrawal, the BOD5and NO2-N contents showed an increase and then a decrease, and the content of easily sinkable solids showed a continuous decrease;the differences in COD, BOD5and TP contents between ground water and surface water during the ecological water transfer period were not significant, and the differences were gradually significant after the end of the water transfer;the surface water quality index content in the middle and lower reaches is higher than that of groundwater;the correlation between BOD5content and sedimentable solids content in surface water and ground water is highly significant(P<0.01), and the correlation between sedimentable solids and BOD5in surface water, BOD5in groundwater and COD in surface water, sedimentable solids in groundwaterand BOD5in surface water is significant(P<0.05). The ecological water transfer reduced the pH and sedimentable solids of surface water and groundwater, and increased the COD and BOD5content of water bodies in the middle and lower reaches of the basin, and the impact of surface water on groundwater quality caused by ecological water transfer had a lagging effect. Therefore, in the ecological water transfer process, attention should be paid to the control of water transfer, to prevent drainage of the upstream and midstream irrigation areas from injecting into the main stream, to ensure a good water environment in the middle and downstream areas, thereby effectively promot

关 键 词：塔里木河 生态输水 地表水 地下水 水质 

分 类 号：X824[环境科学与工程—环境工程]