章古台1954-2021年气象因子变化初步研究  

Preliminary Study on Meteorological Factor Change of Zhang Gutai from 1954 to 2021

作　　者：韩辉 郎明翰 张亚伟 宋鸽 Han Hui;Lang Minghan;Zhang Yawei;Song Ge(Liaoning Institute of Sand Management and Utilization,Fuxin 123000,China;Forest Resources Monitoring Center in Key Stated-owned Forest Area of National Forest and Grassland Administration,Daxing'anling 167000,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省沙地治理与利用研究所,辽宁阜新123000 [2]国家林业和草原局重点国有林区森林资源监测中心,黑龙江大兴安岭165100

出　　处：《防护林科技》2023年第1期39-41,68,共4页Protection Forest Science and Technology

基　　金：辽宁省自然科学基金项目(2019-MS-201);辽宁省农业科学院基本科研业务费项目(2021HQ1913)。

摘　　要：通过对章古台1954-2021年间气象因子数据的统计,分析了其气候变化情况。结果表明:章古台地区年均降水量488.3 mm,最大值1 010.7 mm,最小值262.3 mm, 68年间发生重涝、大涝、轻涝、正常和轻旱的年份比例分别为1.5%、2.9%、13.2%、64.7%和17.9%。作物主要生长季的5月、6月、7月、8月、9月发生轻旱以上的比例分别为45%、32%、47%、42%和55%。人为把时间周期分为1954-1990年和1991-2021年2个时间段,降水量均值由482.1 mm上升到495.8 mm,变异系数由0.22上升为0.33,年际间降水量变率加大,蒸发量由1 576 mm下降到1 401 mm,空气温度由6.0℃上升到6.7℃,相对湿度由59%上升到62%,风速由3.8 m·s^(-1)下降到2.5 m·s^(-1)。地下水位年变化量(Gw)与年降水量(Pr)的关系式为Gw=0.186 4Pr-91.633 (R^(2)=0.75)。章古台地区降水量基本没有变化,但年际间降水变率在加大,生长季发生旱灾的概率还是很大,蒸发量在减小,空气温度在升高,相对湿度稍有增加,风速大幅度减小。年降水量达到500 mm以上时才对地下水起到补充作用。The climate change was analyzed by statistics of the meteorological factor of Zhang Gutaifrom 1954 to 2021.The results showed as described below. The average annual precipitation in Zhanggutai area was 488.3 mm, the maximum value was 1010.7 mm, and the minimum value was 262.3 mm. The proportion of years in which heavy waterlogging, big waterlogging, light waterlogging, normal condition and light drought occurred was 1.5%, 2.9%, 13.2%, 64.7% and 17.9%, respectively.The proportion of light drought above occurring in May, June, July, August, and September, the main growing season of crops, was 45%, 32%, 47%, 42%, and 55%, respectively.The time period was artificially divided into two periods from 1954 to 1990 and 1991 to 2021. The mean precipitation increased from 482.1 mm to 495.8 mm, coefficient of variation increased from 0.22 to 0.33, annual precipitation variation increased, evaporation decreased from 1 576 mm to 1401 mm, air temperature increased from 6.0℃ to 6.7℃, relative humidity increased from 59% to 62%, and wind speed decreased from 3.8 m·s^(-1)to 2.5 m·s^(-1).The formula for the relationship between the annual variation of the groundwater level(Gw) and the annual precipitation(Pr) was Gw=0.1864Pr–91.633(R^(2)= 0.75). The precipitation in Zhanggutai area was basically unchanged, but the inter-annual precipitation variation rate was increasing, the probability of drought in the growing season was still very large, the evaporation was decreasing, the air temperature was rising, the relative humidity increased slightly, and the wind speed was greatly reduced. The groundwater would be supplemented when the annual precipitation reached more than 500 mm.

关 键 词：章古台 气象因子 降水量 气侯变化 

分 类 号：S716[农业科学—林学]