多层砌体结构底部加强层概念与抗震设计理论研究  

Research on the concept and seismic design theory of the bottom strengthened story of multi-story masonry structure

作　　者：郭猛[1] 李超[1] 徐福泉[1] GUO Meng;LI Chao;XU Fuquan(China Academy of Building Research,Beijing 100013,China)

机构地区：[1]中国建筑科学研究院,北京100013

出　　处：《自然灾害学报》2022年第6期27-41,共15页Journal of Natural Disasters

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51778594)。

摘　　要：根据砌体房屋震害调研和相关振动台试验现象分析,地震作用下砌体结构的严重破坏、倒塌多集中在底层,底层倒塌后引起上部楼层连续倒塌,现行砌体结构抗震设计方法及理论研究工作均缺乏底部加强层抗震设计概念。为进一步提高多层砌体结构的抗震能力,减小结构底层严重破坏及整体倒塌的风险,参考钢筋混凝土剪力墙结构、配筋砌块砌体抗震墙结构等结构体系的底部加强部位抗震设计理论,提出了多层砌体结构底部加强层概念,从抗震等级划分、底部加强层范围和层高限值、剪力设计值放大、底层轴压比限值、构造柱布置及侧向刚度比控制共6部分对多层砌体结构底部加强层抗震设计概念进行了研究和细化,并通过算例分析验证了兼顾底部加强设计与控制侧向刚度比的可行性。多层砌体结构底部加强层抗震设计理论的提出,对于减轻大震下多层砌体结构底层破坏的严重程度、降低砌体结构整体倒塌风险具有十分重要的理论意义与工程应用价值,研究成果可供砌体结构设计与相关规范修编参考。According to the analysis of seismic damage and shaking table tests,the serious damage of masonry structure under earthquake is mostly concentrated in the bottom story. The collapse of the bottom floor causes the continuous collapse of the upper floors. After summarizing the seismic design methods in current code and the research status of multi-story masonry structure seismic design theory,it is found that there is no seismic concept of the bottom strengthened story of multi-story masonry structure. In order to improve the seismic capacity of multi-story masonry structure and reduce the risk of serious damage to the bottom story or overall collapse of the structure,this paper puts forward the seismic concept of the bottom strengthened story of multi-story masonry structure by referring to the seismic design theory of the bottom strengthened region of reinforced concrete shear wall structure,reinforced concrete block masonry structure and other structure systems.In this paper,the seismic design concept of the bottom strengthened story of multi-story masonry structure is studied and refined into six parts,including the division of aseismic grade,the scope and the height limit of the bottom strengthened story,the amplification of shear design value,the limit value of bottom axial compression ratio,the layout of constructional columns and the control of lateral stiffness ratio.Through example analysis,it is feasible to realize the bottom reinforcement design and lateral stiffness ratio control at the same time. The seismic design theory of the bottom strengthened story of multi-story masonry structure has very important theoretical significance and engineering application value for reducing the damage severity of the bottom story of multi-story masonry structure and reducing the overall collapse risk of masonry structure.The research results can provide reference for masonry structure design and related code revision.

关 键 词：多层砌体结构 震害分析 抗震设计 底部加强层 

分 类 号：TU362[建筑科学—结构工程]