不同土体类型工程堆积体坡面径流侵蚀动力差异  

The dynamic difference of runoff erosion on slope surface of different soil engineering accumulation bodies

作　　者：沙小燕 王文龙 娄义宝[1] 康宏亮 SHA Xiaoyan;WANG Wenlong;LOU Yibao;KANG Hongliang(State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on Loess Plateau,Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China;Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources,Yangling 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100 [2]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《自然灾害学报》2022年第6期191-199,共9页Journal of Natural Disasters

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0501604);国家自然科学基金项目(41761062,41701316)。

摘　　要：我国不同土壤类型区工程堆积体重构土体差异显著,然而不同土体类型工程堆积体坡面的径流侵蚀动力差异尚不明确。通过室内人工模拟降雨试验,研究了风沙土(ST)、红土(HT)和塿土(LT)含砾石堆积体在不同降雨强度条件下的坡面水动力学参数和侵蚀动力机制。结果表明:风沙土堆积体坡面水动力学参数均大于红土和塿土堆积体,更易发生侵蚀。径流功率、单位径流功率和过水断面单位能是与风沙土、红土和塿土堆积体坡面产沙率关系最密切的水动力学指标;各水动力参数对应的土壤可蚀性参数表现为风沙土堆积体坡面最大,红土坡面次之,塿土坡面最小。该研究可为我国工程堆积体土壤侵蚀预报模型构建提供参考。There are essential differences in the reconstructed soil of engineering accumulation bodies in different soil types,but the difference of rainfall-runoff erosion dynamics on the slope of engineering accumulation in different soil types is not clear. In this paper,the hydrodynamic characteristics and erosion hydrodynamics of slope runoff in Aeolian sandy soil,Red soil and Lou soil with gravel content under different rainfall intensities were studied through indoor simulated rainfall experiments. The results showed that the slope hydrodynamic parameters of Aeolian sandy soil are more important than those of Red soil and Lou soil,which are more likely to occur erosion. The runoff power,unit stream power and unit energy of water-carrying are the hydrodynamics indexes most closely related to the sediment yield rate of Aeolian sandy soil,Red and Lou soil accumulation. Soil erodibility parameters corresponding to each hydrodynamic parameter are the largest in Aeolian sandy soil,followed by Red soil slope,Lou soil slope is the smallest. This study can provide reference for the construction of soil erosion prediction model of engineering sediment in China.

关 键 词：砾石 水动力学参数 工程堆积体 人工模拟降雨 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学] X43[农业科学—农业基础科学]