不同类型生物炭对稻田镉污染修复的机制与应用  

Mechanism and application of different types of biochar to remediation of Cd contaminated paddy soils:A review

作　　者：陈晨 李方敏[1] 杨利[2,3,4] 聂新星[2,3,4] 刘波 洪俊 CHEN Chen;LI Fangmin;YANG Li;NIE Xinxing;LIU Bo;HONG Jun(College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering,Yangtze University,Jingzhou,434023,China;Institute of Plant Protection and Soil Fertilizer,Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Wuhan,430064,China;Key Laboratory of Fertilization from Agricultural Wastes,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Wuhan,430064,China;Hubei Engineering Research Center for Agricultural Environmental Control,Wuhan,430064,China)

机构地区：[1]长江大学化学与环境工程学院,荆州434023 [2]湖北省农业科学院植保土肥研究所,武汉430064 [3]农业农村部废弃物肥料化利用重点实验室,武汉430064 [4]农业环境治理湖北省工程研究中心,武汉430064

出　　处：《环境化学》2022年第12期4165-4179,共15页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0801003);公益性协同创新联盟专项(2018LM);湖北省政府采购项目(2021-05724)资助。

摘　　要：生物炭因其优异特性在镉(Cd)污染稻田中有良好的应用前景,其性质因原材料和热解条件的不同而不同,对土壤中Cd的钝化机制和修复效果也存在差异.本文归纳了4类主要原材料在多种热解条件下制备的生物炭特征.从生物炭直接固定Cd(吸附、共沉淀、阳离子交换、官能团络合和Cd^(2+)-π键作用等)和间接固定Cd(影响土壤团聚体、pH、有机质、微生物菌群等)这两个方面综述了其对稻田Cd污染的修复机制,从生物炭的施用量、降Cd率及其负面影响等方面探讨了4类生物炭(木材类、秸秆类、畜禽粪便类、污泥类)在Cd污染稻田试验修复中效果,以期为生物炭在Cd污染稻田修复研究与应用中提供参考.Biochar has a good application prospect in cadmium(Cd)contaminated paddy soils due to its excellent characteristics.The different types and properties of biochar are producted from different raw materials and pyrolysis conditions,resulting in the differences in passivated mechanism and remediation effect of Cd in soil.Therefore,the biochar characteristics of four main raw materials under various pyrolysis conditions were summarized.The remediation mechanism of biochar on Cd pollution in paddy fields was reviewed from two aspects of direct immobilization of Cd(including adsorption,co-precipitation,cation exchange,functional group complexation and Cd^(2+)-πbond interaction,etc)and indirect immobilization of Cd through affecting(soil aggregate,pH,organic matter and microbial activity,etc).According to the aspects of biochar application rate,Cd removal rate and its negative effects,to explore the effect of four types of biochars(wood biochar,straw biochar,livestock manure biochar,sludge biochar)on the experimental remediation of Cdcontaminated in paddy fields.It is expected to provide a support for the research and application of biochar in the remediation of the Cd contaminated paddy soils.

关 键 词：生物炭 稻田 镉污染 作用机制 修复 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]