梯级小水电开发中最小生态流量计算方法探究  

Research on Calculation Method of Minimum Ecological Flow in Cascade Small Hydropower Development

作　　者：崔静思 关帅[1,2] 刘树锋 曾晨军[1,2] CUI Jingsi;GUAN Shuai;LIU Shufeng;ZENG Chenjun(Guangdong Research Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower,Guangzhou 510635,Guangdong,China;Guangdong Key Laboratory of Hydrodynamic Research,Guangzhou 510635,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省水利水电科学研究院,广东广州510635 [2]广东省水动力学应用研究重点实验室,广东广州510635

出　　处：《水力发电》2023年第1期19-24,共6页Water Power

基　　金：广东省水利科技创新项目(广东省小水电清理整改退出补充标准研究(2020-19))。

摘　　要：保障小水电的最小生态流量,可有效解决小水电站运行中的减脱水问题。研究以石窟河梯级小水电站为例,采用Tennant法、Q90法、NGPRP法、频率曲线法和Texas法共5种水文学法和以湿周法为代表的水力学法分别对梯级小水电应下泄的最小生态流量进行计算,分析对比发现,Texas法和Tennant法相较其他水文学法更为适合该地区的最小生态流量计算。在满足95%保证率的情况下,选取Texas法和Tennant法两种方法的内包线得到长潭水库应下泄的最小生态流量过程。在河道比降较大且梯级小水电开发中最小生态流量计算,水文学法相较于湿周法更为合适。Guaranteeing the minimum ecological flow of small hydropower can effectively solve the problem of reducing dehydration in the operation of small hydropower. Taking the cascade small hydropower stations in Shiku River as an example, five hydrological methods of Tennant method, Q90method, NGPRP method, frequency curve method and Texas method, and the hydraulic method represented by wetted perimeter method, are used to calculate the minimum ecological flow of cascade small hydropower stations. The comparison of various methods shows that the Texas method and Tennant method are more suitable for the calculation of minimum ecological flow in the region than other hydrological methods. Under the condition of meeting the 95% guarantee rate, the inner envelope of Texas method and Tennant method is selected to obtain the minimum ecological flow process that should be discharged from Changtan Reservoir. The study also shows that the hydrological method is more suitable than the wetted perimeter method in the calculation of minimum ecological flow of small and medium rivers with large bottom slopes and cascade small hydropower development.

关 键 词：最小生态流量 计算方法 水文学法 湿周法 水电开发 梯级小水电 

分 类 号：TV76[水利工程—水利水电工程] X37[环境科学与工程—环境工程]