腹部超声检查对胃肠道穿孔的诊断价值  

The Value of Abdominal Ultrasound in the Diagnosis of Gastrointestinal Perforation

作　　者：马文尧 MA Wen-yao(Department of Function,Benxi Central Hospital,Liaoning Benxi 117000)

机构地区：[1]本溪市中心医院功能科,辽宁本溪117000

出　　处：《中国医疗器械信息》2022年第24期123-125,共3页China Medical Device Information

摘　　要：目的:探析腹部超声检查对胃肠道穿孔的诊断价值。方法:在本院2019年12月~2020年12月接受手术的胃肠穿孔患者中选取96例,术前均接受超声、X射线检查,与手术结果对比,分析组间诊断的价值。结果:经手术证实96例患者穿孔类型分别为:64例十二指肠溃疡、20例胃溃疡、6例胃癌、6例急性阑尾炎。在超声下可见,4例(4.2%)穿孔,70例(72.9%)膈下腹腔有游离气体存在,84例(87.5%)腹腔积液,90例(93.8%)腹部包块;X射线下可见84例(87.5%)膈下游离气体,44例(45.8%)胃肠道充气、扩张、液平面存在。结论:在检测腹腔游离气体上,与超声相比,X射线检查更佳,但针对少量的游离气体,超声可检出,但X射线难以检出,还可定位穿孔,可显示腹腔内有无腹腔积液、异常包块存在,结合超声、X射线实施检查,可用于临床诊断急腹症,其优势在于可靠、准确、快速。Objective:To explore the diagnostic value of abdominal ultrasound in gastrointestinal perforation.Methods:96 patients with gastrointestinal perforation who underwent surgery in our hospital were selected and included from December 2019 to December 2020.Ultrasound and X-ray examination were performed before surgery,and the value of diagnosis between the two groups was analyzed by comparing with the results of surgery.Results:There were 64 cases of duodenal ulcer,20 cases of gastric ulcer,6 cases of gastric cancer and 6 cases of acute appendicitis.Ultrasound showed perforation in 4 cases(4.2%),free gas in the subphrenic cavity in 70 cases(72.9%),peritoneal effusion in 84 cases(87.5%),and abdominal mass in 90 cases(93.8%).There were 84 cases(87.5%)with subphrenic free gas,and 44 cases(45.8%)with gastrointestinal inflation,dilation and liquid plane.Conclusion:Compared with ultrasound,X-ray examination is better in detecting free gas in the abdominal cavity.But for a small amount of free gas,ultrasound can detect it,but X-ray is difficult to detect it.It can also locate perforation,which can show whether there is ascites and abnormal mass in the abdominal cavity.Combined with ultrasound and X-ray examination,it can be used for clinical diagnosis of acute abdomen.Its advantages are reliable,accurate and fast.

关 键 词：胃肠道穿孔 腹部超声 X射线 急腹症 游离气体 诊断准确性 诊断价值 

分 类 号：R445.1[医药卫生—影像医学与核医学]