激光加工过程中声发射检测技术的研究进展  

Research Progress of Acoustic Emission Detection Technology in Laser Processing

作　　者：谢小柱[1,2] 欧德亿 刘涛 何家乐 胡伟 龙江游[1] XIE Xiaozhu;OU Deyi;LIU Tao;HE Jiale;HU Wei;LONG Jiangyou(Laser Micro/Nano Processing Lab,School of Electromechanical Engineering,Guangdong University of Technology,Guangzhou 510006,China;Department of Experiment Teaching,Guangdong University of Technology,Guangzhou 510006,China)

机构地区：[1]广东工业大学机电工程学院激光微纳加工研究中心,广州510006 [2]广东工业大学实验教学部,广州510006

出　　处：《航空制造技术》2022年第23期98-109,共12页Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology

基　　金：广东省基础与应用基础研究基金区域联合基金重点项目(2020B1515120058);广东省基础与应用基础研究基金(2022A1515010614);国家自然科学基金(52075103)。

摘　　要：激光加工作为一种先进制造技术,因其强大的加工能力而被广泛应用于仪器仪表、航空航天、医疗卫生和汽车制造等众多行业。但在激光加工过程中仍存在诸如加工机制不明确、加工过程难以实时监测而不能及时反馈加工状态,以及欠缺对加工结构或缺陷的分类和表征等不足之处。研究表明将检测技术与激光加工相结合从而对加工过程进行调控成为一种合理的技术解决方案。在各种检测技术中,声发射技术作为一种动态无损检测技术已经被证明是一种高效灵活的检测方法。将声发射技术与激光加工相结合实现对激光加工过程的在线检测已经成为当前国内外的研究热点。本文综述了国内外学者将声发射技术引入激光加工过程中的研究现状,简述了声发射技术的特性,重点分析了激光加工的声发射技术原理、基于声发射分析方法的激光加工过程研究,以及声发射技术在激光加工领域的研究结果等,并基于当前的不足对其未来发展的方向做出了展望。As an advanced manufacturing technology,laser processing has been widely used in many industries such as instrument and apparatus,aerospace,medical and health community,and automobile manufacturing due to its powerful processing ability.However,there are still some shortcomings in laser processing,such as unclear processing mechanism,difficult real-time monitoring and unable to feedback on the processing state in time,and lack of classification and characterization of the processing structures or defects.The research shows that it is a reasonable technical solution to combine the detection technology with laser processing to regulate the process.As a dynamic nondestructive detection technology,acoustic emission technology has been proved to be an efficient and flexible detection method among various technologies.Combining acoustic emission technology with laser processing to realize online detection of laser processing has become a research hotspot at home and abroad.In this paper,the research status of introducing acoustic emission technology into laser processing by domestic and foreign scholars is reviewed.The characteristics of acoustic emission technology are briefly described.And the acoustic emission technology principle of laser processing,the laser processing research based on acoustic emission analysis method and the application of acoustic emission technology in laser processing are emphatically analyzed.Furthermore,the future development direction of acoustic emission technology in laser processing is prospected based on the current shortcomings.

关 键 词：激光加工 声发射(AE) 特征参数 波形分析 在线检测 

分 类 号：TG115.28[金属学及工艺—物理冶金] TG665[金属学及工艺—金属学]