叶面喷硼对灰枣不同形态硼含量及枣果品质的影响  

Effects of spraying boron on different forms of boron content and fruit quality of jujube

作　　者：马路婷 杨智鹏 魏喜喜 赵文 张梅[2,3,4,5] 黄瑶 万胜 孙佳 刘丰鸣 李建贵 MA Luting;YANG Zhipeng;WEI Xixi;ZHAO Wen;ZHANG Mei;HUANG Yao;WAN Sheng;SUN Jia;LIU Fengming;LI Jiangui(College of Grassland and Environmental Sciences,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,Xinjiang,China;Forestry Institute,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,Xinjiang,China;Engineering Research Center for Jujube,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,Xinjiang,China;Long-term National Research Base of Jiamu FruitTree Science in Xinjiang,Aksu 843000,Xinjiang,China;Xinjiang University,Urumqi 830046,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学草业与环境科学学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆农业大学林业研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [3]新疆农业大学新疆红枣工程研究中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [4]新疆佳木果树学国家长期科研基地,新疆阿克苏843000 [5]新疆大学,新疆乌鲁木齐830046

出　　处：《经济林研究》2022年第4期1-11,共11页Non-wood Forest Research

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项“红枣产业降本增值提效关键技术研发与示范”(2020A02002-1);新疆红枣产业技术体系建设专项(XJCYTX-01-03-2021)。

摘　　要：【目的】为生产中枣树的硼营养管理提供参考。【方法】以灰枣为研究对象,叶面喷施5种质量分数(0.1%、0.2%、0.3%、0.4%、0.5%)的硼肥,测定枣树不同生育期叶片和枣果的不同形态硼含量及成熟期果实品质指标。【结果】叶面喷施硼肥对枣树叶片和果实中水溶态硼和半束缚态硼含量的影响大于对束缚态硼含量的影响,喷施适宜浓度的硼肥能够显著促进枣树对硼元素的吸收利用,而喷施过高浓度的硼肥抑制枣树对硼元素的吸收利用。相关性分析结果表明,枣果的蛋白质含量在白熟期与叶片的3种形态硼含量均呈显著正相关,枣果的横径、单果质量在膨大期与叶片的半束缚态硼含量呈显著正相关,枣果的维生素C含量和可滴定酸含量与叶片及枣果的3种形态硼含量在不同时期呈现出不同的相关性。不同浓度硼肥处理均不同程度增加了枣果的蛋白质含量、维生素C含量、可溶性糖含量及其横径、单果质量,其中喷施0.3%的硼肥处理的枣果可溶性糖含量最高,为33.98%,较对照增加了16.76%,其横径、单果质量、维生素C含量分别较对照增加了11.76%、21.13%、6.09%。【结论】喷施一定浓度的硼肥,能够显著提高枣树叶片和枣果不同形态硼的含量,并且能够显著提高成熟期枣果的维生素C含量和可溶性糖含量,提高了其果实品质,其中0.3%的硼肥处理提升果实品质的效果最好。【Objective】Reference for boron nutrition management of jujube in production.【Method】Using Hui jujube as the research object,five spraying boron fertilizer concentrations(0.1%,0.2%,0.3%,0.4%,0.5%)were set,and the jujube leaves at different stages and different forms of the jujube fruit boron content were measured in fruit quality and mature period.【Result】The effect of spraying boron fertilizer on the content of water soluble boron and semi-bound boron in jujube leaves and fruits was greater than that of bound boron.The appropriate spraying concentration could significantly improve the absorption and utilization of boron in jujube trees,while high boron concentration inhibited the absorption and utilization of boron in jujube trees.The results of correlation analysis showed that the protein content of jujube fruit was significantly positively correlated with the contents of three forms of boron in leaves at the white ripening stage.The transverse diameter and single fruit mass of jujube fruit were significantly positively correlated with the semi-bound boron content in leaves at the expansion stage.The vitamin C content and titratable acid content of jujube fruit showed different correlations with the contents of three forms of boron in leaves and jujube fruit at different stages.Different concentrations of boric fertilizer increased protein,vitamin C,soluble sugar content of jujube fruit and their transverse diameter,fruit mass,of which 0.3%concentration of boron fertilizer induced the highest soluble sugar content in the jujube fruit,which reached to 33.98%,increased by 16.76%compared to CK,and the transverse diameter,fruit mass,vitamin C content increased by 11.76%,21.13%and 6.09%compared to control respectively.【Conclusion】Spraying a certain concentration of boron fertilizer can significantly increase the content of different forms of boron in jujube leaves and fruit,and can significantly increase the content of vitamin C and soluble sugar in mature jujube fruit,and improve the fruit quality.Am

关 键 词：灰枣 叶面肥 硼肥 水溶态硼 半束缚态硼 束缚态硼 果实品质 

分 类 号：S665.1[农业科学—果树学]