不同氮水平下AM真菌对油茶幼苗生长、根系形态和光合特性的影响  

Effects of AM fungi on growth,root system structure and photosynthetic characteristics of Camellia oleifera at different nitrogen levels

作　　者：黄雨轩 叶媚 熊静 沈辉龙 黄伟豪 张林平[1,2] 吴斐 HUANG Yuxuan;YE Mei;XIONG Jing;SHEN Huilong;HUANG Weihao;ZHANG Linping;WU Fei(Forestry College,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,Jiangxi,China;Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Forest Ecosystem Protection and Restoration of Poyang Lake Wastershed,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,Jiangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学林学院,江西南昌330045 [2]江西农业大学鄱阳湖流域森林生态系统保护与修复国家林业和草原局重点实验室,江西南昌330045

出　　处：《经济林研究》2022年第4期19-28,共10页Non-wood Forest Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32001297,32260377);江西省自然科学基金项目(20192BAB214020)。

摘　　要：【目的】为油茶氮肥的科学使用以及生物菌剂的研发提供参考。【方法】采用盆栽试验,通过设置3个丛枝菌根(AM)真菌水平(不接种、接种摩西斗管囊霉Funneliformis mosseae、接种幼套近明球囊霉Claroideoglomus etunicatum),设置4种氮浓度水平(0、3.75、7.50、15.00 mmol/L NH4NO3),探究促进油茶生长的最佳氮水平和AM真菌。【结果】随着施氮水平的提高,C.etunicatum和F.mosseae对油茶根系的侵染率均先增加、后降低。接种和未接种油茶的株高、根系长度、根系体积、根系表面积、净光合速率和最大光化学效率随氮水平的升高呈先升高、后降低的趋势,在3.75 mmol/L NH4NO3处理有最大值;地径呈上升的趋势。接种AM真菌对油茶株高和地径有显著影响,与未接种油茶植株相比,在不施氮条件下,接种C.etunicatum使油茶株高提高了14.88%,优于接种F.mosseae处理(3.88%);施氮后,接种F.mosseae的油茶株高增幅显著高于接种C.etunicatum。在4种氮浓度下,接种F.mosseae处理的油茶根系长度、根系体积、根系表面积、净光合速率、最大光化学效率和实际光化学效率的增量高于接种C.etunicatum处理。主成分分析结果表明:无论是否接种AM真菌,施氮处理的综合得分由高到低依次均为3.75、7.50、15.00、0 mmol/L NH4NO3;同一氮水平下,各接种处理的综合得分由高到低依次为接种F.mosseae、接种C.etunicatum、不接种处理。【结论】接种AM真菌可以促进油茶生长发育,并提高光合速率。与C.etunicatum相比,F.mosseae促进油茶根系发育和增强光合作用的效果更佳,3.75 mmol/L NH4NO3是促进油茶根系发育和生长及增强光合作用的最佳氮水平。【Objective】To give a reference for the scientific use of nitrogen fertilizer for Camellia oleifera and the development of biological inoculants.【Method】A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the optimal nitrogen levels and arbuscular mycorrhizal(AM)fungi to promote the growth of C.oleifera at three AM fungal levels(no inoculation,inoculation with Funneliformis mosseae,and inoculation with Claroideoglomus etunicatum)and four nitrogen concentration levels(0,3.75,7.50,and 15.00 mmol/L NH4NO3).【Result】The infection rate of C.etunicatum and F.mosseae of C.oleifera first increased and then decreased with the increasing nitrogen levels.The plant height,root length,volume and surface area,net photosynthetic rate,and maximum photochemical efficiency of inoculated and uninoculated C.oleifera increased at first and then decreased with the increasing of nitrogen levels,with a maximum at 3.75 mmol/L NH4NO3;while the stem diameter showed an increased trend.Inoculation with AM fungi had a significant effect on the plant height and stem diameter of C oleifera.Under the condition of no nitrogen application,inoculation with C.etunicatum increased the height of C.oleifera by 14.88%compared with uninoculated plants,which was better than the treatment with F.mosseae(3.88%);while inoculation with F.mosseae was better than inoculation with C.etunicatum after nitrogen application.Treated with four nitrogen levels,inoculation of F.mosseae increased the root length,volume and surface area,net photosynthetic rate,maximum photochemical efficiency and actual photochemical efficiency of C.oleifera better than C.etunicatum.The results of principal component analysis indicated that regardless of whether AM fungi were inoculated or not,the comprehensive scores of nitrogen application treatments from high to low were 3.75,7.50,15.00,0 mmol/L NH4NO3;and the comprehensive scores of each inoculation treatment from high to low were F.mosseae,C.etunicatum,non-inoculation treatment at the same nitrogen level.【Conclusion】Inoculati

关 键 词：丛枝菌根真菌 油茶 根系结构 光合作用 

分 类 号：S606.2[农业科学—园艺学]