南疆不同地区灰枣果实品质性状分析及综合评价  

Analysis and comprehensive evaluation of fruit quality of Huizao in different regions of Southern Xinjiang

作　　者：万胜 杨智鹏 黄瑶 王磊 孙佳 刘丰鸣 张虎国 王利娜 王姝婧 赵文 张国林[3] 李建贵[1,4] WAN Sheng;YANG Zhipeng;HUANG Yao;WANG Lei;SUN Jia;LIU Fengminga;ZHANG Huguo;WANG Lina;WANG Shujing;ZHAO Wen;ZHANG Guolin;LI Jiangui(College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,Xinjiang,China;College of Resource and Environment,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,Xinjiang,China;Practice Forest Farm,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,Xinjiang,China;Xinjiang Jujube Engineering Technology Research Center,Urumqi 830011,Xinjiang,China;Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Fruit Industry Development Center,Urumqi 830099,Xinjiang,China;Xinjiang University,Urumqi 830046,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学林学与风景园林学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆农业大学资源与环境学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [3]新疆农业大学实习林场,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [4]新疆红枣工程技术研究中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [5]新疆维吾尔自治区林果产业发展中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830099 [6]新疆大学,新疆乌鲁木齐830046

出　　处：《经济林研究》2022年第4期143-152,共10页Non-wood Forest Research

基　　金：中央引导地方科技发展专项“黑核桃、杏李等优良林木资源筛选与提质增效关键技术研发及示范”(ZYYD2022B15);新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项“红枣产业降本增值提效关键技术研发与示范”(2020A02002-1);新疆红枣产业技术体系建设专项(XJCYTX-01-03-2021)。

摘　　要：【目的】为新疆灰枣品质评价提供参考。【方法】从新疆南疆16个主产县(市)47个乡(镇)的代表性枣园采集148份灰枣样品,进行果实外观品质和营养品质的测定和综合比较。通过主成分分析和聚类分析,筛选出评价综合品质的关键性理化指标,运用层次分析法确定各指标权重,采用灰色关联度法对灰枣果实品质进行综合评价,并根据各产地果实的综合得分对其进行排序。【结果】不同产地间灰枣各品质指标存在差异性,库尔勒市灰枣的糖酸比高于其他主产县(市),蛋白质含量、维生素C含量均位于前列。单果质量、含水率、蛋白质含量、维生素C含量、脂肪含量的变异系数均大于30%,可食率的变异系数最小(2.5%)。灰枣某些品质指标间存在显著的相关性,含水率与黄酮含量、总酚含量的相关系数分别为-0.745、-0.730,可滴定酸含量与糖酸比的相关系数为-0.866,黄酮含量与总酚含量的相关系数为0.973。确定可食率、果形指数、可溶性糖含量、蛋白质含量、维生素C含量、糖酸比为灰枣品质评价的核心指标。16个县(市)灰枣的综合品质从优到劣依次为库尔勒样品、尉犁样品、若羌样品、阿瓦提样品、且末样品、库车样品、于田样品、策勒样品、新和样品、民丰样品、沙雅样品、阿拉尔样品、温宿样品、洛浦样品、皮山样品、墨玉样品。【结论】糖酸比为权重系数最高的评价指标,库尔勒市灰枣的糖酸比较其他县(市)灰枣有较明显的优势。并且从灰色关联度的分析结果来看,库尔勒市的灰枣在综合品质上优于其他县(市)的灰枣。【Objective】To provide reference for quality evaluation of Xinjiang jujube.【Method】A total of 148 jujube samples were collected from representative jujube orchards in 47 townships(towns)of 16 main producing counties(cities)in southern Xinjiang,and the appearance quality and nutritional quality of fruits were determined and compared comprehensively.Through principal component analysis and cluster analysis,the key physical and chemical indexes for evaluating the comprehensive quality were screened out,and the weight of each index was determined by analytic hierarchy process.The grey correlation degree method was used to comprehensively evaluate the quality of grey jujube fruit,and the comprehensive scores of fruits from different producing areas were sorted.【Result】There were differences in quality indexes of jujube in different producing areas.The sugar acid ratio of jujube in Korla was higher than that in other main producing counties(cities),and the protein content and vitamin C content were in the forefront.The variation coefficients of single fruit mass,moisture content,protein content,vitamin C content and fat content were more than 30%,and the variation coefficient of edible rate was the smallest(2.5%).There was a significant correlation between some quality indexes of Huizao jujube.The correlation coefficients between moisture content and flavonoid content and total phenolic content were-0.745 and-0.730,respectively.The correlation coefficient between titratable acid content and sugar acid ratio was-0.866;the correlation coefficient between flavonoid content and total phenol content was 0.973.The edible rate,fruit shape index,soluble sugar content,protein content,vitamin C content and sugar acid ratio were determined as the core indexes for the quality evaluation of grey jujube.The comprehensive quality of Huizao jujube in 16 counties(cities)from superior to inferior was Korla sample,Yuli sample,Ruoqiang sample,Awati sample,Qiemo sample,Kuche sample,Yutian sample,Cele sample,Xinhe sample,Minfeng

关 键 词：新疆灰枣 不同地区 品质评价 灰色关联度分析 

分 类 号：S665.1[农业科学—果树学]