不同化学型黄樟不同部位的精油变化  

Changes of essential oil in different parts of different Cinnamomum parthenoxylon(Jack)Meisner chemical types

作　　者：周松松 李江[1] 何小三[1] 盛亚晶 胡振兴 邱凤英[1] ZHOU Songsong;LI Jiang;HE Xiaosan;SHENG Yajing;HU Zhenxing;QIU Fengying(Camphor Engineering and Technology Research Center of National Forestry and Grass Administration,Jiangxi Academyof Forestry,Nanchang 330032,Jiangxi,China;Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,Jiangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省林业科学院国家林草局樟树工程技术研究中心,江西南昌330032 [2]江西农业大学,江西南昌330045

出　　处：《经济林研究》2022年第4期256-266,共11页Non-wood Forest Research

基　　金：江西省重大科技研发专项(20203ABC28W016);江西省林业局樟树研究专项(2020-02-02);江西省林业局樟树研究专项(2020-01-02)。

摘　　要：【目的】为提高黄樟Cinnamomum parthenoxylon的精油利用率,促进黄樟不同部位精油的综合开发利用。【方法】对5年生芳樟醇型、桉叶油素型、柠檬醛型3种不同化学型黄樟的叶、枝、干、根的精油含量及主要化学成分进行测定。【结果】3种化学型黄樟间叶、枝、干、根中的精油含量存在显著差异,并且均以叶含量最高,根含量次之,干和枝含量相对较低。芳樟醇型、桉叶油素型、柠檬醛型黄樟的精油中检测到的主要化学成分分别为51、55和65种。芳樟醇型黄樟叶和枝精油成分均以芳樟醇为主,干精油成分以桉叶油素为主,根精油成分以黄樟油素为主。桉叶油素型黄樟叶、枝和干精油成分均以桉叶油素为主,根精油成分以黄樟油素为主。柠檬醛型黄樟叶和枝精油成分以柠檬醛为主,干精油成分以桉叶油素为主,根精油成分以黄樟油素为主。芳樟醇型黄樟叶中芳樟醇含量可达96%以上、桉叶油素型黄樟叶中桉叶油素含量可达57%以上、柠檬醛型黄樟叶中柠檬醛含量可达58%以上、根中黄樟油素含量最高可达90%以上。【结论】不同化学型黄樟均以叶中精油含量最高,均适合以获取叶生物量为主要目标的矮林作业种植模式;黄樟精油成分丰富多样,且不同部位间存在较大差异,可分部位进行精油综合开发利用。【Objective】In order to improve the utilization rate of Cinnamomum parthenoxylon essential oil,and promote the comprehensive development and utilization of essential oil from different parts of C.parthenoxylon.【Method】The content and main chemical components of essential oils from leaves,branches,trunks and roots in linalool chemotype,eucalyptol chemotype and citral chemotype C.parthenoxylon of 5-year-old were studied in this paper.【Result】The contents of essential oils in leaves,branches,trunks and roots were significantly different among the three chemical types.The contents of essential oils in leaves were the highest,followed by roots,and the contents of essential oils in trunks and branches were relatively lower.A total of 51,55 and 65 kinds of chemical constituents were detected from different part of linalool chemotype,eucalyptol chemotype and citral chemotype,respectively.The main chemical constituent of leaf and branch essential oil of linalool chemotype C.parthenoxylon was linalool,the main chemical constituent of essential oil in trunks was eucalyptol,and the main chemical constituent of essential oil in root was safrole.The main chemical constituent of essential oil in leaf,branch and trunks of eucalyptol chemotype was eucalyptol,and the main chemical constituent of essential oil in root was safrole.The main chemical constituent of the leaf and branch essential oil in citral chemotype was citral,the main chemical constituent of the trunks essential oil was eucalyptol,and the main chemical constituent of essential oil in root was safrole.The linalool content of leaves essential oil in linalool chemotype was more than 96%,the cineole content of leaves essential oil in eucalyptol chemotype was more than 57%,and the citral content of leaves essential oil in citral chemotype was more than 58%.The highest content of safrole in the root can reach more than 90%.【Conclusion】The essential oil content in leaves was the highest in different parts of C.parthenoxylon.The C.parthenoxylon was suitable

关 键 词：黄樟 化学型 精油含量 化学成分 

分 类 号：S785[农业科学—林学] S792.23