稠油改质助剂研究进展  

Eview on Study of Heavy Oil Modification Additives

作　　者：郭红霞 解玉科 陆建峰 靳广兴 赵开良 杨勇 张金柏 何俊丽 Guo Hongxia;Xie Yuke;Lu Jianfeng;Jin Guangxing;Zhao Kailiang;Yang Yong;Zhang Jinbai;He Junli(Xi'an Jinjiang Energy Technology Co.,Ltd.,Xi'an,Shaanxi 710018,China;PetroChinaChangqing Oilfield Company,Xi'an,Shaanxi 710048,China)

机构地区：[1]西安锦江能源科技有限公司,陕西西安710018 [2]中国石油长庆油田分公司,陕西西安710048

出　　处：《特种油气藏》2022年第6期11-19,共9页Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs

基　　金：国家科技重大专项“超低渗油藏改善开发效果关键技术”(2017ZX05013004)。

摘　　要：针对稠油油藏原油黏度大、流动阻力大、流动能力差,采用常规技术难以开采的问题,总结了稠油改质助剂(催化剂和供氢剂)的研究现状,指明目前存在的问题,并对未来进行展望。研究表明:目前稠油改质催化剂存在催化机理不明确、普适性差、成本偏高、再生困难、易失活以及环境污染等问题;供氢剂在稠油改质反应中传质不均匀、反应条件严苛也会造成供氢效果受限。因此,稠油改质助剂未来研究重点为在分子层面进一步探索稠油改质机理的同时,要紧密结合复杂的地层条件,开发普适性广、活性高、成本可控的改质助剂。该研究可为稠油改质助剂的研发和油田提高采收率技术的应用提供参考。It is difficult to exploit the crude oil with conventional technology due to high viscosity,high flow resistance and poor flow capacity of crude oil in heavy oil reservoirs.A conclusion was made in this paper to summarize the study of heavy oil modification additives(catalysts and hydrogen donor),point out the existing problems,and outline the future study directions.The study shows that the existing heavy oil modification catalysts are disadvantaged by unclear catalytic mechanism,poor universality,high cost,regeneration difficulties,easy deactivation and environmental pollution.In addition,the uneven mass transfer and severe reaction conditions of hydrogen donor in heavy oil modification reaction will lead to limited hydrogen supply.Therefore,the future study of heavy oil modification additives is to further explore the modification mechanism of heavy oil at the molecular level,and develop modification additives with wide application scope,high activity and controllable cost in combination with complex formation conditions.The study provides a reference for studying and developing heavy oil modification additives and applying the EOR technology in oil fields.

关 键 词：稠油改质 改质机理 降黏 催化剂 供氢剂 

分 类 号：TE624[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]