复杂信息环境下知识组织和再利用模式与方法研究  

Research on Patterns and Methods for Knowledge Construction and Reuse in a Complex Information Environment

作　　者：赵志耘[1] 刘耀[1] 朱礼军[1] 吴欣雨 Zhao Zhiyun;Liu Yao;Zhu Lijun;Wu Xinyu(Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China,Beijing 100038)

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术信息研究所,北京100038

出　　处：《情报学报》2022年第12期1266-1279,共14页Journal of the China Society for Scientific and Technical Information

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“数字资源知识共享与知识再利用模式与方法研究”(21BTQ011)。

摘　　要：当前的复杂信息环境对知识服务研究提出了新的挑战,开源情报中的大规模数字资源需要先进的知识组织与再利用模式和方法的指导,才能够支撑需求导向的知识服务。尽管各行业的企事业单位都对大规模数字资源建设和服务平台建设进行了研究和探索,但在处理众多业务需求和提供个性化服务时仍然乏力,主要表现为两大核心问题。一是现有知识体系构建方案代价昂贵,且解决具体问题的可行性差,无法满足个性化服务需求,不具备利用现有知识快速响应并解决问题的能力;二是现有研究多集中于语义结构化和知识库构建以及系统功能设计,知识组织到知识利用之间存在明显断层,缺少业务驱动和问题驱动的能力。本文从需求入手,以业务组织模型理论与方法为指导,通过业务模型自动构建能力研究,形成针对资源特点的个性化业务模型;针对当前知识组织模式中缺少灵活的资源构筑解决方案且数据利用程度过低的问题,研究高效敏捷的知识组织能力,利用单篇全解析及多篇路径自组织等技术手段,实现快速解析资源的目的,为真实项目的应用服务提供技术支持;以基于SaaS(software as a service)和PaaS(plat‐form as a service)的新型服务平台及具体服务为示范,建立基于技术和工程的知识再利用模式,有效解决知识体系构建与知识再利用的现实问题。The current complex information environment poses new challenges to scientific and technological intelligence research,as large-scale digital resources in open-source intelligence require the guidance of advanced knowledge organization and reuse patterns and methods to support demand-oriented scientific and technological intelligence services.Although many enterprises and institutions in various industries have studied the construction of large-scale digital resources and service platforms,these constructions and platforms remain inadequate in handling multiple business requirements and providing personalized services,which can be mainly manifested in two core problems.First,the existing expensive knowledge system construction scheme performs poorly in solving problems and meeting personalized requirements,and it lacks the ability to use existing knowledge to quickly respond to and solve problems.Second,existing studies focus on semantic structure and knowledge base construction,as well as system function design of service platforms,which shows an absence of business-driven and problem-driven capabilities,leading to a clear rift between knowledge organization and knowledge utilization.Thus,this study first analyzes the business requirements,guided by the business organization model theory and method.Through the research on the automatic construction of business models,this paper forms a personalized business model on the basis of resource characteristics.Given the lack of flexible resource construction solutions and low data utilization in the current knowledge organization model,this paper establishes an efficient and agile knowledge organization mechanism,using technical means,such as complete analysis of individual articles and self-organization of multiple articles,to rapidly analyze resources,providing technical support for the knowledge services in practical projects.Taking the new service platform and specific services based on SaaS(software as a service)and PaaS(platform as a service)as an example,this pa

关 键 词：知识服务 知识自组织 知识结构全解析 软件即服务 平台即服务 

分 类 号：G254[文化科学—图书馆学]