基于LoRa技术的联合收获机群通信方法  

Communication method for combine harvester group using Lora technology

作　　者：陈进[1] 傅晟捷 关卓怀 朱富豪 朱林军 夏慧 邢立成 Chen Jin;Fu Shengjie;Guan Zhuohuai;Zhu Fuhao;Zhu Linjun;Xia Hui;Xing Licheng(School of Mechanical Engineering,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang 212013,China;Nanjing Institute of Agricultural Mechanization,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas,Nanjing 210014;Jiangsu Wode Agricultural Machinery Co.,Ltd.,Danyang 212300)

机构地区：[1]江苏大学机械工程学院,镇江212013 [2]农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所,南京210014 [3]江苏沃得农业机械股份有限公司,丹阳212300

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2022年第16期81-89,共9页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：江苏省科技成果转化项目(BA2020054);江苏省自然科学基金青年基金项目(BK20210040);江苏省农业农村厅现代农机装备与技术示范推广项目(NJ2022-08)。

摘　　要：随着农业集约化、规模化及产业化的发展,联合收获机开始以机群形式进行多机联合作业,由此衍生出对于联合收获机群物联网及无线通信的需求。在无线通信技术中,LoRa技术在传输距离、部署方式等方面具有独特的优势。该研究提出了一种基于2.4 GHz LoRa技术的联合收获机群通信网络结构和工作模式。对LoRa相关参数使用NS-3网络仿真平台建立仿真模型,对扩频因子分配方案选择、可容纳节点数量和最小发送间隔进行分析,并在联合收获机群模拟通信场景进行仿真,同时开发了机载终端硬件和软件。仿真试验结果表明,在模拟通信场景下,选择特定比例分配扩频因子可改善网络通信性能;在保证90%以上接收成功率的前提下,静态场景下1625 kHz带宽可支持25个节点以1 s的发送间隔进行通信,在动态场景下1625 kHz带宽通信时延低于10 ms。田间试验结果表明,“报告(Report)”模式下通信总体成功率为99.3%;“请求(Request)”模式下通信总体成功率为92.5%,平均响应时间为123.07 ms。该研究将2.4 GHz LoRa技术应用于联合收获机之间的无线通信,可为联合收获机机群协同作业时通信提供可行方法。Multi-machine harvesting has been the popular form to improve the operation efficiency of the combine harvester,particularly with agricultural intensification,scale,and industrialization.The demand can also be required for the Internet of Things(IoT)and wireless communication of the combine harvester group.However,the current communication technologies of the IoT cannot fully meet the unstructured and large-scale agricultural scenarios,due mainly to the industrial design with the relatively short communication distance,low reliability,and high cost.Fortunately,the LoRa technology has unique advantages in the transmission distance,transmission rate,node capacity,and deployment mode.Moreover,the lower cost is suitable for the large-scale deployment of agricultural vehicles.At the same time,the parameters of LoRa technology can fully meet the needs of wireless communication in the operation scenario of combine harvester group.In addition,the 2.4 GHz band can further improve the performance of LoRa technology and regional universality.Therefore,wireless communication can be expected to apply to the scenario of combine harvester group.In this study,a communication network structure was proposed for the working mode of combine harvester group using the 2.4 GHz LoRa technology.Firstly,the LoRa network structure was constructed for the joint harvester cluster in the form of host and slave.The working mode of each node was then set using the cooperative operation scenario of the harvesters group.A radio frequency chip model(SX1280)was selected to simulate the transceiver mode,according to the application scenario.The optimal path attenuation model was chosen for the maximum communication distance between the master and slave.Secondly,a simulation model was established to optimize the application parameters of LoRa using NS-3 network platform,including the bandwidth,coding rate,spreading factor,transmission power,and frequency.The static and moving state of network nodes were used for the simulation scenarios of combine ha

关 键 词：联合收获机 物联网 无线通信 LoRa技术 

分 类 号：S225.3[农业科学—农业机械化工程]