聚丙烯酸改性反渗透膜及其在含α放射性核素废液处理中的应用  

Polyacrylic Acid-modified Reverse Osmosis Membrane and Its Application in the Treatment ofαRadionuclide-containing Wastewater

作　　者：赵庆凯 唐灿[1] 李顺[1] 王绪 陈长安[1] ZHAO Qing-kai;TANG Can;LI Shun;WANG Xu;CHEN Chang-an(Institute of Materials,China Academy of Engineering Physics,Jiangyou 621907,China)

机构地区：[1]中国工程物理研究院材料研究所,江油621907

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2022年第33期14976-14981,共6页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：中国工程物理研究院材料研究所特聘人才基金(TP03201702)。

摘　　要：为了探究聚丙烯酸(polyacrylic acid,PAA)改性反渗透膜处理含α放射性核素废液的效果,为含α放射性核素废水的处理提供指导,对改性方法进行了探究,对改性前后膜的截留率和抗污染性能进行了系统的测试。结果表明:PAA改性的引发剂K2S2O8和Na2S2O3最佳比例为1∶1,最佳接枝时间为6 min;PAA改性提高了膜的亲水性、降低了膜的粗糙度和Zeta电位,因此提高了膜的性能。相对于原始膜,处理含α放射性核素废液,改性膜的膜通量提升至1.36倍、截留率从98.20%提升至99.84%,对磷酸三丁酯、十二烷基硫酸钠污染引起的膜通量衰减分别降低了29.6%及33.5%。可见PAA改性反渗透膜对含α放射性核素废液的处理具有良好的效果及重要的应用价值。In order to explore the treatment effect of reverse osmosis membrane modified with polyacrylic acid(PAA)onαradionuclide-containing wastewater and provide guidance for the treatment ofαradionuclide-containing wastewater,the modification method was optimized,the rejection rate and antifouling properties of membranes before and after modification were systematically tested.The results show that the optimum ratio of K2S2O8to Na2S2O3is 1∶1 and the optimum grafting time is 6 min.The improvement of the membrane property is mainly due to the improved hydrophilicity,the reduced roughness and Zeta potential of the modified membrane surface.For the optimized sample,the water flux of the modified membrane is 36%higher than the nascent membrane,the rejection rate of membranes is promoted to around 99.84%from the original 98.20%.Meanwhile,the reduction of membrane flux caused by tributyl phosphate and sodium dodecyl sulfate decreased by 29.6%and 33.5%respectively in comparison to the unmodified one.It can be seen that the PAA-modified reverse osmosis membranes have a good effect and an important application value on the treatment ofαradionuclide-containing wastewater.

关 键 词：α放射性核素 反渗透膜 膜改性 聚丙烯酸 废水处理 

分 类 号：X591[环境科学与工程—环境工程]