组态视角下商业银行数字化转型路径研究——基于创新生态系统的联动效应分析  

Study on the Digital Transformation Path of Commercial Banks from the Perspective of Innovation Ecosystem Configuration:Based on Fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis

作　　者：郝政 吕佳[2] 杨蕾 张勇[3] Hao Zheng;LüJia;Yang Lei;Zhang Yong(Graduate School of Management of Technology,Pukyong National University,Busan 48547,Korea;School of Management,Jilin Normal University,Siping 136000,Jilin,China;School of Economics and Business Administration,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400030,China)

机构地区：[1]韩国国立釜庆大学技术经营大学院,釜山48547 [2]吉林师范大学管理学院,吉林四平136000 [3]重庆大学经济与工商管理学院企业管理系,重庆400030

出　　处：《技术经济》2022年第11期40-53,共14页Journal of Technology Economics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“从‘渐进’到‘突破’:要素理论视角下创造力转化的动态追踪研究”(71974021);吉林省科技发展计划项目“吉林省支柱产业技术发展战略研究”(20210601061FG)。

摘　　要：在数据成为现实生产要素,数字技术与传统产业创新融合的大背景下,商业银行的数字化转型日益受到关注。为合理匹配问题与方法,基于创新生态系统理论,运用模糊集定性比较分析(fsQCA)和NCA(necessary condition analysis)必要性检验方法,以29家上市银行为样本,根据国资委依据团体标准所确定的数字化转型六大新型能力及其所对应的创新生态要素,探析创新生态要素组态效应对商业银行数字化转型质量的影响路径及背后的复杂因果机制。结果发现:(1)主体能力(数字人才)、载体能力(数字渠道)、过程能力(数字组织)、对象能力(数字市场)、合作能力(数字伙伴)、技术能力(数字技术)均不是单独产生商业银行高数字化转型质量的必要条件;(2)存在3条驱动商业银行高数字化转型质量的模式:“渠道+组织”双轮驱动的点轴发展模式“、市场+伙伴”要素聚合的多极网络模式“、人才+技术”双重挖潜的业务极核模式;(3)存在4条驱动商业银行非高数字化转型质量的路径,根据核心驱动因素将其归纳为“渠道+技术”抑制型和“渠道+伙伴”抑制型两种类型。根据研究结果,提出结合自身条件选取合适路径、重视数字渠道和数字市场之间的互补作用、中小银行可以通过数字渠道等软件设施的发展弥补市场不足、大型银行不可放弃渠道建设过度依赖合作平台,为商业银行数字化转型提供路径参考和政策建议。In the context of data becoming a fundamental factor of production and innovation integration of digital technology and traditional industry,the digital transformation of commercial banks has attracted increasing attention.Based on innovation ecosystem theory,fuzzy set Qualitative Comparative Analysis(fsQCA)and NCA necessity test was applied to 29 listed banks to match problems and methods reasonably.According to the six new capabilities of digital transformation and their corresponding innovation ecological factors determined by STATE-OWNED Assets Supervision and Administration Commission(SASAC)according to T/AIITRE 10001—2020 Reference Framework for Digital Transformation,the influence path of the configuration effect of innovation ecological factors on the quality of digital transformation of commercial banks and the complex causal mechanism behind it are analyzed.The results show as follows.Firstly,subject capability(digital talent),carrier capability(digital channel),process capability(digital organization),object-capability(digital market),cooperation capability(digital partner),and technical capability(digital technology)are not the necessary conditions for the high digital transformation quality of commercial banks.Secondly,three models drive the quality of high digital transformation of commercial banks:the two-wheel-drive point-axis development mode of“channel+organization”,the multi-pole network mode of“market+partner”element aggregation,and the business pole core mode of“talent+technology”double-tapping potential.Thirdly,there are four ways to drive the quality of non-high digital transformation of commercial banks,which can be divided into two types:“channel+technology”restraint and“channel+partner”restraint according to the core driving factors.According to the results,combined with their conditions to choose the proper path,attaches great importance to the digital channels and the complementary action between the digital market,small and medium-sized banks can,through digital

关 键 词：创新生态系统 商业银行 数字化转型 组态效应 模糊集定性比较分析 

分 类 号：F832.3[经济管理—金融学]