南疆三种主要毒害草对巴楚白山羊生长的影响  

Effects of three main poisonous weeds on the growth of Bachu white goats in southern Xinjiang

作　　者：王军亮 陈国 王小新 刘宗平 WANG Junliang;CHEN Guo;WANG Xiaoxin;LIU Zongping(Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shanghai 201403,China;Shanghai Agriculture School,Shanghai 201600,China;Huaian City Hongze District Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center,Huaian 223100,China;The Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Diseases and Zoonoses in Jiangsu,Yangzhou 225009,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市农业科学院,上海201403 [2]上海市农业学校,上海201600 [3]淮安市洪泽区动物疫病防控中心,江苏淮安223100 [4]江苏省动物重要疫病与人兽共患病防控协同创新中心,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2022年第23期78-83,共6页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项“草原主要毒害草发生规律与防控技术”(201203062)。

摘　　要：为了合理利用南疆地区的主要毒害草,试验以饲喂青贮玉米的山羊为对照组,饲喂青贮玉米中分别添加10%醉马芨芨草、10%碎米蕨叶马先蒿、10%黄花棘豆制成的颗粒饲料的山羊为试验组(试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组),先喂粗饲料后喂精饲料,精饲料相同,试验周期为60 d,试验结束后测定营养物质含量(干物质、粗蛋白、中型洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维)表观消化率,山羊的体重、平均日增重,瘤胃液中氨态氮、挥发性脂肪酸含量,以及血常规、血液生化指标。结果表明:试验组山羊采食量均高于对照组,中性洗涤纤维采食量最高的为试验Ⅰ组,其表观消化率均显著高于其他组(P<0.05);对照组山羊平均日增重显著高于各试验组(P<0.05);与对照组相比,试验Ⅰ组山羊瘤胃内的乙酸含量显著提高(P<0.05),同时各试验组血红蛋白浓度显著提高(P<0.05),各组间谷氨酰转移酶活性及葡萄糖、总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量均差异不显著(P>0.05);试验Ⅲ组山羊血液中的钾、钠、氯、钙、镁和磷含量均显著低于其他各组(P<0.05)。说明按10%比例添加这三种青贮毒害草制作的颗粒饲料饲喂山羊2个月,不会对山羊造成明显的临床损害,收割的牧草可以青贮以备冬季度荒使用。In order to make rational use of the main poisonous weeds in southern Xinjiang, in this experiment, goats fed silage corn were used as control group, and goats fed silage corn pellet diet supplemented with 10% Achnatherum inebrians, 10% Pedicularis cheilanthifolia, and 10% Oxytropis ochrocephala were used as experimental groups(test groupⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ). The feeding order is roughage and then concentrate, and the concentrate was the same. The feeding time was up to 60 days.At the end of the experiment, nutrient(dry matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber) apparent digestibility, body weight, average daily gain, rumen fluid of content of ammonia nitrogen and volatile fatty acids, blood routine and blood biochemical indexes were measured. The results showed that the feed intake in the test groups was higher than that in the control group, and its apparent digestibility of neutral detergent fiber in experimental group Ⅰ was significantly higher than that in other groups(P<0.05).The average daily gain of goats in the control group was significantly higher than that in each test group. Compared with the control group, the acetic acid content in the rumen in the test group Ⅰ was significantly increased(P<0.05), and the hemoglobin concentration in experimental groups was significantly increased(P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the activity of glutamine transaminase and the contents of glucose, total cholesterol, high-density cholesterol and low-density cholesterol among the treatment groups(P>0.05). The contents of potassium, sodium, chlorine, calcium, magnesium and phosphorus in the blood of test group Ⅲ were significantly lower than those in the other three groups(P<0.05). The results indicated that adding these three poisonous weeds at the ratio of 10% in the pellet feed of goats for two months did not cause obvious damage to goats. The harvested forage grass can also be ensiled for the winter famine.

关 键 词：醉马芨芨草 黄花棘豆 碎米蕨叶马先蒿 巴楚白山羊 表观消化率 瘤胃液指标 血液指标 

分 类 号：S452[农业科学—植物保护] S827