贵州机插杂交籼稻茎秆抗倒伏能力分析  

Lodging Resistance of Machine-transplanted Indica Hybrid Rice in Guizhou

作　　者：蒋明金 李敏[1] 徐文波 罗德强[1] 江学海[1] 姬广梅[1] 李立江[1] 周维佳[1] JIANG Ming-jin;LI Min;XU Wen-bo;LUO De-qiang;JIANG Xue-hai;JI Guang-mei;LI Li-jiang;ZHOU Wei-jia(Rice Research Institute,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guizhou,Guiyang 550006,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省农业科学院水稻研究所,贵州贵阳550006

出　　处：《杂交水稻》2022年第6期24-31,共8页Hybrid Rice

基　　金：黔农科院青年科技基金([2020]26号);国家重点研发计划(2016YFD03006-4);国家产业技术体系长江上游水稻栽培(CARS-01-25)。

摘　　要：为探究机插条件下杂交籼稻茎秆生长特性及其与抗倒伏能力的关系,以长江上游审定通过并在生产上广泛应用的18个杂交籼稻品种为材料,研究了机插条件下杂交籼稻品种抗倒伏能力的差异,分析了株高、重心高度、相对重心高度、茎秆力学特征、茎秆基部节间形态特征及其与抗倒伏能力的关系。结果表明:机插条件下18个杂交籼稻品种茎秆倒伏指数为80.43%~168.40%,倒伏指数越小,抗倒伏能力越强;倒伏指数与穗长、重心高度、折断弯矩、弯曲应力和横切面面积呈显著或极显著的相关关系,且这些指标大多相互之间或与其他茎秆形态特征呈显著的相关关系;宜香优2168、蓉18优2348、晶两优534、丰优香占和旌1优华珍等5个品种抗倒伏能力较强,主要表现为植株重心高度低,穗长较短,且茎秆折断弯矩、弯曲应力和横切面面积较大。该研究结果可为贵州地区杂交籼稻机械化抗倒栽培提供理论依据与技术支撑。To explore the relationship between stem growth characteristics and lodging resistance of indica hybrid rice under mechanical transplanting conditions, 18 indica hybrid rice varieties released in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River and widely used in production were used as materials to study the differences in lodging resistance of machinetransplanted rice. Plant height, height of gravity center, relative height of gravity center, stem mechanical characteristics,stem basal internode morphological characteristics and their relationship with lodging resistance were analyzed. The results showed that the stem lodging index of 18 indica hybrid rice varieties ranged from 80.43% ~ 168.40% under mechanical transplanting conditions. The smaller the lodging index, the stronger the lodging resistance. The lodging index was significantly correlated with panicle length, height of gravity center, bending moment at breaking, bending stress and cross-sectional area, and most of these indexes were significantly correlated with each other or with other stem morphological characteristics. Five varieties, Yixiangyou 2168, Rong 18 You 2348, Jingliangyou 534, Fengyou Xiangzhan and Jing 1 You Huazhan, had strong lodging resistance, mainly manifested as low plant gravity center, short panicle length and large bending moment at breaking, bending stress and cross-sectional area. The results can provide theoretical basis and technical support for lodging-resistant cultivation of machine-transplanted indica hybrid rice in Guizhou.

关 键 词：机插 杂交籼稻 茎秆 抗倒伏能力 

分 类 号：S511.01[农业科学—作物学] S311