页岩气开采废水特点及相关处理技术探讨——以四川盆地为例  

Discussion on Characteristics and Related Treatment Technologies of Shale Gas Production Wastewater ∶ Taking Sichuan Basin as an Example

作　　者：熊德明 韩旭 徐烽淋 张思兰 梅绪东 XIONG Deming;HAN Xu;XU Fenglin;ZHANG Silan;MEI Xudong(Chongqing College of Electronic Engineering,Chongqing 401331,China;Chongqing Environmental Protection Engineering Technology Center for Shale Gas Development,Chongqing 408000,China;Chongqing Industry Polytechnic College,Chongqing 401120,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆电子工程职业学院,重庆401331 [2]重庆市页岩气开发环境保护工程技术研究中心,重庆408000 [3]重庆工业职业技术学院,重庆401120

出　　处：《环境影响评价》2022年第6期54-59,共6页Environmental Impact Assessment

基　　金：重庆市技术创新与应用发展(重点研发项目)(cstc2018jszx-zdyfxmX0011);重庆市自然科学基金(cstc2019jcyj-msxmX0651);重庆市教育委员会科学技术研究计划青年项目资助项目(KJQN202203113)。

摘　　要：近年来,我国页岩气勘探开发得到了长足发展,但是页岩气开发也带了许多环境问题,其中尤以页岩气开采废水的处理和排放问题最为突出。页岩气开采废水属于具有放射性的高盐、高有机物废水,呈现出污染物种类多、浓度高、盐度高、难降解等特点。在页岩气开发早期,主要通过内部循环回收利用的方式处理。随着页岩气开采区域的不断扩大,页岩气开发区不能完全消耗页岩气开采产生的废水,必须通过污水处理厂处理后达标排放。由于相关政策和标准缺失,有的废水处理站没有建脱盐单元,未脱盐的外排水不仅对生态环境造成不良影响,也造成环境管理混乱。因此,建议国家和地方尽快出台页岩气开采废水综合排放标准或指南,规范和指导页岩气开采废水处理,推动页岩气行业绿色可持续发展。In recent years, shale gas exploration and development in China had made great progress, but it also brought many environmental problems, especially the treatment and discharge of shale gas production wastewater(SGPW). SGPW is high salt and high organic wastewater, which had certain radioactivity. It is characterized by many kinds of pollutants, high concentration, high salinity and difficult degradation. In the early stage of shale gas development, SGPW was mainly treated by internal recycling. With the continuous expansion of shale gas exploitation area, the shale gas development couldn′t completely consume SGPW, and SGPW must be treated by sewage treatment plant to meet discharge standards. Due to the lack of relevant policies and standards, some sewage treatment plants had not built desalination units. Those un-desalted external drainage not only had an adverse impact on the ecological environment, but also caused confusion in local environmental management. Therefore, it is suggested that the state or local governments should issue comprehensive discharge standards or guidelines for SGPW as soon as possible, which can standardize and guide the treatment of SGPW and promote the green and sustainable development of shale gas industry.

关 键 词：页岩气开采废水 处理方式 脱盐工艺 排放标准 

分 类 号：X741[环境科学与工程—环境工程]