基于C型聚能管的聚能水压光面爆破技术原理及应用  

Principle and Application of Shaped Energy Water Pressure Smooth Blasting Technology Based on C-Shaped Energy-Concentrating Tube

作　　者：李淮 孙卫星 宋鹏伟 杨新安[3] LI Huai;SUN Weixing;SONG Pengwei;YANG Xin'an(The Third Harbor Engineering Company of China Communication Construction,Shanghai,200030;Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering of the Ministry of Education,Tongji University,Shanghai,201804;College of Transportation Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai,201804)

机构地区：[1]中交第三航务工程局有限公司,上海ꎬ200030 [2]同济大学道路与交通工程教育部重点实验室,上海ꎬ201804 [3]同济大学交通运输工程学院,上海ꎬ201804

出　　处：《爆破器材》2023年第1期50-57,共8页Explosive Materials

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51178336)。

摘　　要：针对常规光面爆破存在的问题,依托栾卢高速公路碾盘隧道现场施工,详细分析了聚能水压光面爆破技术原理,阐述了第二代C型聚能管的结构特点、技术优势、装置组装流程及装药结构,并开展了聚能水压光面爆破技术现场试验研究。理论分析证明:在空气-水复合介质作用下,聚能水压爆破冲击波到达孔壁时的应力较常规光面爆破时增大,围岩振速降低。侵入岩体后,成缝过程可分为聚能射流切缝阶段、岩体压碎阶段、裂缝发育阶段、裂缝扩展阶段、最终成缝阶段。现场试验及工程应用表明:与常规光面爆破相比,采用聚能水压光面爆破技术时,周边眼间距增大,炮孔利用率提高约16.69%,半眼痕率增加约40.47%,最大超挖降低约49.88%,围岩平均峰值合振速降低约48.96%,有效保护了围岩稳定性,且爆破效果得到显著改善。In view of the problems existing in conventional smooth blasting, relying on the on-site construction of Nianpan Tunnel of Luanlu Expressway, the principle of shaped energy water pressure smooth blasting technology was analyzed in detail, and the structural characteristics, technical advantages, assembly process and charging structure of the se-cond generation C-shaped energy-concentrating tube were introduced. Field test and research on shaped energy water pressure smooth blasting technology were carried out. Theoretical analysis shows that, under the action of air-water composite medium, when the shock wave of shaped charge water pressure smooth blasting reaches the hole wall, the stress is higher than that of conventional smooth blasting, and the vibration velocity of surrounding rock is reduced. After the intrusion into the rock mass, the fracture formation process can be divided into the stage of shaped energy jet cutting, rock mass cru-shing, fracture development stage, fracture propagation stage, and final fracture stage. Field tests and engineering applications show that, compared with conventional smooth blasting, by using energy-concentrated water pressure smooth blasting technology, the distance between the peripheral holes increases, the utilization of blast holes increases by about 16.69%, the half-eye mark rate increases by about 40.47%, the maximum over-excavation reduces by about 49.88%, and the peak value of combined vibration speed of surrounding rock reduces by about 48.96%. It effectively protects the stability of the surrounding rock, and the explosion outcomes are significantly improved.

关 键 词：隧道工程 聚能水压 光面爆破 C型聚能管 

分 类 号：TD235.374[矿业工程—矿井建设]