民法典视野下非典型担保的登记对抗法律技术  

Legal Technologies of Registration Confrontation of Atypical Guarantees in the View of the Civil Code

作　　者：梁远高 Liang Yuangao

机构地区：[1]深圳大学法学院,广东深圳518060

出　　处：《湖北社会科学》2022年第12期142-151,共10页Hubei Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“非典型担保的构造及其法律规制研究”(22AFX016);司法部国家法制与法学理论研究项目重点课题“民法典编纂中担保法的制度整合与规则完善”(17SFB1007)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：《民法典》确立了非典型担保的登记对抗规则,非典型担保中的财产权利登记并未损及公示公信原则,且不会冲击权利效力体系,故应当肯定其“登记能力”。非典型担保的登记发挥着权利状态的警示功能和权利顺位的确定功能,但其登记并无公信力和推定力。将登记对抗引入非典型担保,反映了物权债权相对化趋势之渐进,也是实用主义立法思想的直接体现。非典型担保的登记与动产抵押的登记存在关联,未经登记不得对抗的“善意第三人”须限定在一定合理范围之内,即善意的已占有标的物的受让人、承租人及已受保全或执行程序保护的债权人和破产债权人。非典型担保在登记中主要面临着登记内容、登记错误以及登记期限等方面的问题,其体系化的解决对动产和权利担保的公示问题具有辐射效应。The Civil Code has established the registration confrontation rule of atypical guarantees.The property rights registration in atypical guarantees does not damage the principle of publicity and credibility.It will not impact the right effectiveness system,so its"registration capacity"should be affirmed.The registration of atypical guarantees serves to warn the status of rights and determine the order of rights,but their registrations have no credibility or presumption.The introduction of registration confrontation into atypical guarantees reflects the gradual trend of the relativity of real rights and creditors’rights and is also a direct reflection of pragmatic legislative thought.The registration of atypical guarantees is related to the registration of chattel mortgage,and the"bona fide third party"that can not be opposed without registration must be limited to a certain reasonable range,that is,bona fide transferees and lessees who have taken possession of the subject property,as well as creditors and bankruptcy creditors who have been protected by preservation or enforcement procedures.Atypical guarantees face problems in registration mainly in terms of registration content,registration errors,and registration duration,and the systematic solution of these problems has a radiating effect on the publicity in chattels and rights.

关 键 词：非典型担保 登记对抗 物债相对化 法律技术 

分 类 号：D923[政治法律—民商法学]