奶牛初乳与常乳中营养成分和免疫物质的特征  

Comparison in Nutrients and Immune Substances between Bovine Colostrum and Matrue Milk

作　　者：彭松悦 吴海龙 徐为民 吴喜娟 陈欢欢 车彦 汪晶 张淑君[1] PENG Songyue;WU Hailong;XU Weimin;WU Xijuan;CHEN Huanhuan;CHE Yan;WANG Jing;ZHANG Shujun(College of Animal Science and Technology,Huazhong Agricultural University,HuBei Wuhan 430070;Wuhan Guangming Ecological Demonstration Dairy Farm Corporation,Hubei Wuhan 430070;Hubei Livestock and Poultry Breeding Center,Hubei Wuhan 430070)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学动物科学技术学院,湖北武汉430070 [2]武汉光明生态示范奶牛场有限公司,湖北武汉430070 [3]湖北省畜禽育种中心,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《中国乳业》2022年第11期111-116,共6页China Dairy

基　　金：国家重点研发计划政府间国际科技创新合作(2021YFE0115500)。

摘　　要：初乳是奶牛产后24 h内的乳汁,为犊牛提供天然免疫和早期生长的能量来源,且初乳在医疗保健领域也具有一定的研究价值。初乳在产后一段时间内的物质成分会发生较大的变化,与常乳形成明显的差异。本文对比分析了初乳和常乳中营养物质、免疫活性物质、生长因子以及酶的含量差异,直观地展现了初乳中不同物质的变化过程,针对性地为初乳和常乳的加工制作提供思路,为特异性地开发初乳资源,提升初乳的利用率给出参考依据。Colostrum is the milk of cows within 24 h after delivery,which provides natural immunity and energy source for early growth of calves.In addition,colostrum also has substantial value in the field of medical care.The significant difference exists between colostrum and mature milk for the composition of colostrum in a period of time after delivery will change greatly.In this paper,the differences in the contents of nutrients,immunoactive substances,growth factors and enzymes in colostrum and normal milk are compared and analyzed,and the change process of different substances in colostrum is intuitively displayed,which provides specific ideas for the processing of colostrum and normal milk,and provides reference basis for the specific development of colostrum resources and improvement of colostrum utilization rate.

关 键 词：初乳 营养成分 免疫球蛋白 生长因子 

分 类 号：TS252.7[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]