面向小型水下无人平台的移动水声通信系统  

Mobile Underwater Acoustic Communication System for Small Underwater Unmanned Platform

作　　者：姚俊辉 赵燕锋 童峰[1,2,3] 陈东升[1,2] 上官明禹[4] YAO Jun-hui;ZHAO Yan-feng;TONG Feng;CHEN Dong-sheng;SHANGGUAN Ming-yu(College of Ocean&Earth Sciences,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361005,China;National and Local Joint EngineeringResearch Center for Navigation and Location Service Technology,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361005,China;Institute ofArtificial Intelligence,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361005,China;Fuzhou Dayu Electronic Technology Co.,LTD.,Fuzhou 350001,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学海洋与地球学院,福建厦门361005 [2]厦门大学导航与位置服务技术国家地方联合工程研究中心,福建厦门361005 [3]厦门大学人工智能研究院,福建厦门361005 [4]福州大禹电子科技有限公司,福建福州350001

出　　处：《水下无人系统学报》2022年第6期761-767,共7页Journal of Unmanned Undersea Systems

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFE0110000);上海市科委“科技创新行动计划”项目(21DZ1205502)。

摘　　要：移动水声通信信道具有典型的多径、多普勒双重扩展特征,严重影响通信性能。特别是用于水下特战等领域的小型水下无人平台装备,具有航行状态多变、多浅海应用、受限功耗下发射功率低等特点,导致多普勒变化、多径严重、信噪比低,对传统移动水声通信方案造成极大挑战。文中提出了一种面向特战领域小型水下无人平台的移动水声通信方案,该方案通过直接数字频率合成器芯片,调整系统模拟/数字转换采样率,从而在硬件上实现实时多普勒补偿;结合直接扩频序列调制,提高低信噪比条件下的抗多径性能;采用双曲调频同步设计保证同步捕获性能。半实物仿真实验结果验证了该系统的有效性。Mobile underwater acoustic communication channels have the typical characteristics of multipath and Doppler dual expansion, which seriously affects communication performance. In particular, the equipment of small underwater unmanned platforms in the field of underwater special operation has the characteristics of variable navigation state, multi-shallow sea application, and low transmission power under limited power consumption, resulting in variable Doppler, serious multi-path,and low signal-to-noise ratio(SNR), which poses great challenges to traditional mobile underwater acoustic communication schemes. In this study, a mobile underwater acoustic communication scheme for small underwater unmanned platforms in a special operation field is proposed. In this scheme, the analog/digital conversion sampling rate is adjusted by a direct digital frequency synthesizer chip, and real-time Doppler compensation is realized in the hardware. Combined with direct spread spectrum sequence modulation, the anti-multipath performance is improved under the condition of low SNR. A hyperbolic frequency-modulation synchronization design was used to ensure synchronization acquisition performance. The results of the hardware-in-the-loop simulation demonstrated the effectiveness of the system.

关 键 词：移动水声通信 多普勒补偿 信噪比 双曲调频 

分 类 号：TJ630.34[兵器科学与技术—武器系统与运用工程] U666.7[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]