高原动物线粒体DNA在低氧适应领域研究进展  

Research Progress on Mitochondrial DNA in Plateau Animals in the Field of Hypoxic Adaptation

作　　者：王硕 WANG Shuo(Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,Southwest Minzu University,Chengdu Sichuan 610225,China)

机构地区：[1]西南民族大学青藏高原研究院,四川成都610225

出　　处：《现代畜牧科技》2022年第12期18-21,共4页Modern Animal Husbandry Science & Technology

摘　　要：多种高原动物生活在海拔4 000~6 000 m的高原地区,为适应寒冷、低氧的环境,在相对恶劣的环境下能更好的生存繁衍,其形态结构和生理生化方面在长期的自然选择下发生了一些不可逆且可遗传的变化。线粒体在细胞中通过有氧呼吸,作为能量代谢中心,与高原土著物种的低氧适应性密切相关。在缺氧条件下,动物体内能量的产生和消耗过程受到影响,这些机制与线粒体功能变化有关。线粒体功能受线粒体DNA的影响,低氧适应性与线粒体DNA的关系密不可分。为更进一步研究线粒体DNA与低氧适应的关系,该文对低氧适应性物种线粒体适应低氧的机制进行综述,为今后深入研究高海拔地区土著种群适应高海拔环境中的作用奠定基础。A variety of plateau animals live in the plateau area at an altitude of 4000-6000 meters.In order to adapt to the cold and low oxygen environment,they can better survive and reproduce in the relatively harsh environment.Their morphological structure,physiological and biochemical aspects have undergone some irreversible and genetic changes under long-term natural selection.Mitochondria are in cells through aerobic respiration,acting as centers of energy metabolism and are closely related to the hypoxic adaptation of highland indigenous species.Under hypoxic conditions,which is related to changes in mitochondrial function.Mitochondrial function is influenced by mitochondrial DNA,and hypoxic adaptation is inextricably linked to mitochondrial DNA.Therefore,in order to further study the relationship between mitochondrial DNA and hypoxic adaptation,this paper reviews the mechanism of mitochondrial adaptation to hypoxia in hypoxic adaptive species,which lays a foundation for future in-depth study of the role of indigenous populations in high-altitude areas in high-altitude environments.

关 键 词：线粒体DNA 高原动物 低氧适应机制 

分 类 号：Q953[生物学—动物学]