过瘤胃胆碱在奶牛围产期的代谢调节作用  

Effects of Rumen-protected Choline on Metabolic Regulation of Dairy Cows During Transition Period

作　　者：赵娜 李会菊 刘敏 周颖 ZHAO Na;LI Huiju;LIU Min;ZHOU Ying(Ningxia Agricultural School,Yinchuan Ningxia 750000,China;Ningxia Nongken Emulsion Co.,Ltd.,Yinchuan Ningxia 750000,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏回族自治区农业学校,宁夏银川750000 [2]宁夏农垦乳业股份有限公司,宁夏银川750000

出　　处：《现代畜牧科技》2023年第1期22-24,共3页Modern Animal Husbandry Science & Technology

基　　金：2020年度宁夏农业学校重点科研课题(NX20002)——胆碱在奶牛围产期的代谢调节作用。

摘　　要：本试验主要研究在围产期添加一定量的过瘤胃胆碱对奶牛繁殖性能、血糖及乳汁成分的影响。试验选取28头健康、2~4胎次、体重(600±20)kg、产前25~35d的奶牛随机分为2组,对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组饲喂基础饲粮+40~60g/d过瘤胃胆碱。试验开始于产前21 d,结束于产后21 d。结果显示:与对照组相比,试验组可显著降低产后平均初次配种时间、产后平均配种次数及空怀天数(P<0.05),显著提高产后7~21 d奶牛的血糖水平(P<0.05)。对照组和试验组在产后平均初次配种受胎率、乳汁成分等指标上无显著差异(P> 0.05),但除分娩当天乳脂率外,试验组其他各指标均略高于对照组。由此可见,围产期饲粮中添加适量过瘤胃胆碱有利于调节奶牛的糖、脂代谢,改善奶牛的机体健康状态,提高奶牛产后血糖水平与繁殖性能。The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of rumen-protected choline on reproductive performance,blood glucose and milk composition of dairy cows during the transition period.28 healthy dairy cows(average parity 2 to 4,average weight 580 to 620 kg,25 ~ 35 days before delivery)were randomly divided into 2 groups.Cows in the control group were fed a basal diet,cows in the choline group were fed the basal diet+40 ~ 60 g/d rumen-protected choline.The experiment was from day 21 before delivery to day 21 after delivery.The results showed as follows:The average postpartum breeding time,average postpartum mating frequency and free days of choline group were significantly lower than the control group(P < 0.05).The blood glucose level from day 7 to day 21 after delivery of choline group dairy cows was significantly higher than the control group(P < 0.05).There were no significant differences in terms of average primary breeding acceptance rate and milk composition between the control group and the choline group(P > 0.05),all these indicators in the choline group were slightly higher than those in the control group except for the milk fat rate on the day of delivery.In conclusion,dietary rumen-protected choline supplementation can regulate glucose and lipid metabolism of dairy cows during transition period,improve the health,blood glucose levels and reproductive performance of dairy cows.

关 键 词：奶牛 围产期 胆碱 繁殖性能 血糖 乳成分 

分 类 号：S823.5[农业科学—畜牧学]