The complex Maxwell stress tensor theorem:The imaginary stress tensor and the reactive strength of orbital momentum.A novel scenery underlying electromagnetic optical forces  

作　　者：Manuel Nieto-Vesperinas Xiaohao Xu 

机构地区：[1]Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid,Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cintificas.Campus de Cantoblanco,Madrid 28049,Spain [2]State Key Laboratory of Transient Optics and Photonics,Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xi'an 710119,China [3]Institute of Nanophotonics,Jinan University,Guangzhou 511443,China

出　　处：《Light(Science & Applications)》2022年第11期2655-2675,共21页光（科学与应用)（英文版）

基　　金：Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion of Spain,grant PGC2018-095777-B-C21;X.X acknowledges the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12274181,11804119).

摘　　要：We uncover the existence of a universal phenomenon concerning the electromagnetic optical force exerted by light or other electromagnetic waves on a distribution of charges and currents in general,and of particles in particular.This conveys the appearence of underlying reactive quantities that hinder radiation pressure and currently observed timeaveraged forces.This constitutes a novel paradigm of the mechanical effciency of light on matter,and completes the landscape of the optical,and generally electromagnetic,force in photonics and classical electrodynamics;widening our understanding in the design of both llumination and particles in optical manipulation without the need of increasing the illuminating power,and thus lowering dissipation and heating.We show that this may be accomplished through the minimization of what we establish as the reactive strength of orbital(or canonical)momentum,which plays against the optical force a role analogous to that of the reactive power versus the radiation effciency of an antenna.This long time overlooked quantity,important for current progress of optical manipulation,and that stems from the complex Maxwell theorem of conservation of complex momentum that we put forward,as well as its alternating flow associated to the imaginary part of the complex Maxwell stress tensor,conform the imaginary Lorentz force that we introduce in this work,and that like the reactive strength of orbital momentum,is antagonistic to the well-known time-averaged force;thus making this reactive Lorentz force indirectly observable near wavelengths at which the time-averaged force is lowered.The Minkowski and Abraham momenta are also addressed.

关 键 词：imaginary TENSOR ORBITAL 

分 类 号：O17[理学—数学]