全能的小分子膦——第54届国际化学奥林匹克试题第6题解析  

Enabling Phosphines:Analysis of Problem 6 of the 54th International Chemistry Olympiad

作　　者：贺峥杰[1] Zhengjie He(College of Chemistry,Nankai University,Tianjin 300071,China)

机构地区：[1]南开大学化学学院,天津300071

出　　处：《大学化学》2022年第12期33-40,共8页University Chemistry

摘　　要：有机小分子催化已发展成为继酶催化和金属催化之后的第三类催化方式。第54届国际化学奥林匹克试题第6题以亲核膦有机小分子催化为科学背景,以陆氏(3+2)环加成反应为题材,围绕陆氏反应的发生、反应机理、不对称反应,以及在有机合成中的应用等内容进行设问,以多样的设问方式,考查了考生的有机化学基础理论知识、学习能力和逻辑推理能力,同时向考生展示了亲核性膦作为有机小分子催化剂的新功能。Organocatalysis has become the third kind of chemical catalysis besides enzyme and metal catalysis.Under the scientific background of nucleophilic phosphine organocatalysis,problem 6 of the 54th International Chemistry Olympiad is made up of a series of questions which are set with respects of the Lu(3+2)cycloaddition reaction including its occurrence,mechanism,asymmetric variant,and use in organic synthesis.By the diverse questionnaire,problem 6 examines contestants in respects of basic organic chemistry knowledge,learning ability,and logic analysis ability.Meanwhile,it also unveils to contestants a new function of nucleophilic phosphines as organocatalysts.

关 键 词：环加成反应 膦催化 叔膦 有机催化剂 

分 类 号：G64[文化科学—高等教育学] O6[文化科学—教育学]