2019年中国吸附无细胞百白破疫苗常规免疫脱漏情况分析  

Analysis for dropout of DTaP routine immunization in China in 2019

作　　者：叶家楷[1] 曹雷[1] 余文周[1] 宋祎凡[1] 尹遵栋[1] Ye Jiakai;Cao Lei;Yu Wenzhou;Song Yifan;Yin Zundong(National Immunization Program,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100050,China)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心免疫规划中心,北京100050

出　　处：《中华预防医学杂志》2022年第12期1723-1727,共5页Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：公共卫生应急反应机制运行(131031001000210001)。

摘　　要：目的分析2019年中国吸附无细胞百白破疫苗(DTaP)常规免疫脱漏情况。方法利用中国免疫规划信息管理系统收集的2019年全国分县区的DTaP免疫接种数据,计算不同省份DTaP的累计接种率和脱漏率;依据各省份县区DTaP脱漏率的P_(25)、P_(50)、P_(75),将各省份所辖县区分为4组(Q_(1)~Q_(4)),分别计算4组县区的DTaP平均脱漏率和绝对差值(Q_(4)组与Q_(1)组县区DTaP平均脱漏率之差);采用Spearman秩相关分析绝对差值与省级DTaP脱漏率、第1剂次DTaP(DTaP_(1))和第3剂次DTaP(DTaP_(3))接种率的关系。结果2019年中国各省份DTaP1接种率在92.98%~99.94%之间,M为99.55%;各省份省级DTaP脱漏率在0.36%~28.66%之间,M为3.54%。省级DTaP脱漏率超过10%的省份有甘肃和贵州,分别为28.66%、17.19%;各省份绝对差值在4.02%~39.22%之间,M为10.16%;绝对差值较大的省份有甘肃、青海、辽宁和贵州,分别为39.22%、34.48%、23.31%和21.33%。Spearman秩相关分析结果显示,绝对差值与省级DTaP脱漏率呈正相关,rs为0.492(P=0.004),与DTaP_(1)、DTaP_(3)接种率均呈负相关,rs分别为-0.542(P=0.001)和-0.562(P=0.001)。结论2019年中国部分省份县区间的DTaP脱漏率存在差异,西部省份县区差异性相对较高。Objective To analyze the dropout of adsorbed diphtheria,tetanus and acellular pertussis combined vaccine(DTaP)routine immunization in China in 2019.Methods DTaP vaccination data in all counties in China were collected through National Immunization Program Information Management System in 2019.Cumulative dropout rate and vaccination rate of DTaP in different provinces were calculated.According to the P_(25),P_(50) and P_(75) values of DTaP dropout rate for all counties by province,counties in each province were divided into four groups(Q_(1)-Q_(4)).The DTaP average dropout rate of four groups and absolute difference(difference in DTaP average dropout rate between Q_(4) and Q_(1))were calculated.Spearman rank correlation was used to analyze the relationship between absolute difference and provincial DTaP dropout rate,DTaP1 and DTaP3 vaccination rate.Results DTaP_(1) vaccination rate ranged from 92.98%to 99.94%by province,with a median of 99.55%.Provincial DTaP dropout rate ranged from 0.36%to 28.66%,with a median of 3.54%.The provincial DTaP dropout rate was more than 10%in Gansu and Guizhou,about 28.66%and 17.19%.Absolute difference ranged from 4.02%to 39.22%,with a median of 10.16%.Provinces with the largest absolute difference were Gansu,Qinghai,Liaoning and Guizhou,about 39.22%,34.48%,23.31%and 21.33%,respectively.Correlation analysis indicated that the absolute difference was positively correlated with provincial DTaP dropout rate,with a correlation coefficient of 0.492(P=0.004).It was negatively correlated with DTaP1 and DTaP3 vaccination rate.Correlation coefficients were-0.542(P=0.001)and-0.562(P=0.001),respectively.Conclusions There are significant county-level differences in DTap dropout rate in most provinces,with relatively high difference in western provinces.

关 键 词：免疫规划 脱漏率 接种率 差异 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]