河南省一起新型冠状病毒肺炎本地聚集性疫情全基因组溯源及传播路径模拟实验分析  

Analysis of the whole genome traceability and transmission path simulation experiment of the local cluster COVID-19 epidemic

作　　者：宋云 卢世栋 胡晓 毋碧聪 范威 马红霞[1] 叶莹[1] 李东晓 李懿[1] 张白帆[1] 赵升[2] 卫海燕[1] 潘静静[1] 郭大城[1] 赵东阳[1] 郭万申[1] 黄学勇[1] Song Yun;Lu Shidong;Hu Xiao;Wu Bicong;Fan Wei;Ma Hongxia;Ye Ying;Li Dongxiao;Li Yi;Zhang Baifan;Zhao Sheng;Wei Haiyan;Pan Jingjing;Guo Dacheng;Zhao Dongyang;Guo Wanshen;Huang Xueyong(Henan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Institute of Immunization Prevention and Planning,Zhengzhou 450016,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省疾病预防控制中心传染病预防控制所,河南省传染病病原生物重点实验室,郑州450016 [2]河南省疾病预防控制中心免疫预防与规划所,郑州450016

出　　处：《中华预防医学杂志》2022年第12期1795-1802,共8页Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：河南省省部共建医学科技攻关计划重大专项(SBGJ202001003);新型冠状病毒防控应急攻关首批项目(201100310800);河南省中青年卫生健康科技创新领军人才培养项目(YXKC2020006);2021年河南省疫情防控科研攻关项目(211100311000);河南省医学科技攻关计划联合共建项目(LHGJ20220150)。

摘　　要：目的对河南省2021年7月31日本土新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情确诊病例的新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)全基因组进行溯源及特征分析。方法采用全基因组测序技术对河南省2021年7月31日疫情相关的167例本土病例的SARS-CoV-2核酸阳性样本进行全基因组测序和序列比对分析,分析病毒全基因组序列的一致性和变异进化情况。结果通过高通量测序,共获得106例病例的SARS-CoV-2全基因组序列。基因组分析结果显示,106例病例全基因组序列均属于VOC/Delta变异株(B.1.617.2进化分支)。其中,106例病例全基因组序列与郑州某医院收治的3例缅甸输入病例基因组在共享45个核苷酸位点的基础上增加1~5个核苷酸变异位点,基因组序列高度同源。结论结合病毒基因组学、传播路径模拟实验及流行病学综合分析表明,判定河南省本次本土新冠疫情是由境外输入病例造成院内感染,并外溢造成社区局限感染,同时外溢到部分省辖市并发生局限性聚集性疫情。Objective To trace and characterize the whole genome of SARS-CoV-2 of confirmed cases in the outbreak of COVID-19 on July 31,2021 in Henan Province.Method Genome-wide sequencing and comparative analysis were performed on positive nucleic acid samples of SARS-CoV-2 from 167 local cases related to the epidemic on July 31,2021,to analyze the consistency and evolution of the whole genome sequence of virus.Results Through high-throughput sequencing,a total of 106 cases of SARS-CoV-2 whole genome sequences were obtained.The results of genome analysis showed that the whole genome sequences of 106 cases belonged to the VOC/Delta variant strain(B.1.617.2 clade),and the whole genome sequences of 106 cases were shared with the genomes of 3 imported cases from Myanmar admitted to a hospital in Zhengzhou.On the basis of 45 nucleotide sites,1-5 nucleotide variation sites were added,and the genome sequence was highly homologous.Conclusion Combined with the comprehensive analysis of viral genomics,transmission path simulation experiments and epidemiology,it is determined that the local new epidemic in Henan Province is caused by imported cases in the nosocomial area,and the spillover has caused localized infection in the community.At the same time,it spills over to some provincial cities and results in localized clustered epidemics.

关 键 词：新型冠状病毒 全基因组 变异 

分 类 号：R563.1[医药卫生—呼吸系统] R181.8[医药卫生—内科学]